Python 图形界面与游戏开发实战：计算器、记事本及经典小游戏

Python 图形界面与游戏开发实战

本文介绍六个基于 Python 的实用项目，涵盖 Tkinter 图形界面编程与 Pygame 游戏开发。内容包括简易计算器、文本编辑器、用户登录注册模块，以及贪吃蛇、俄罗斯方块和连连看等经典游戏的实现原理与核心代码。

import tkinter import math import tkinter.messagebox class Calculator(object): def __init__(self): self.root = tkinter.Tk() self.root.minsize(280, 450) self.root.maxsize(280, 470) self.root.title('计算器') self.result = tkinter.StringVar() self.result.set(0) self.lists = [] self.ispresssign = False self.menus() self.layout() self.root.mainloop() def menus(self): allmenu = tkinter.Menu(self.root) filemenu = tkinter.Menu(allmenu, tearoff=0) filemenu.add_command(label='标准型', command=self.myfunc) filemenu.add_separator() filemenu.add_command(label='关于计算器', command=self.myfunc) allmenu.add_cascade(label='查看', menu=filemenu) editmenu = tkinter.Menu(allmenu, tearoff=0) editmenu.add_command(label='复制', command=self.myfunc) editmenu.add_command(label='粘贴', command=self.myfunc) allmenu.add_cascade(label='编辑', menu=editmenu) helpmenu = tkinter.Menu(allmenu, tearoff=0) helpmenu.add_command(label='帮助', command=self.myfunc) allmenu.add_cascade(label='帮助', menu=helpmenu) self.root.config(menu=allmenu) def layout(self): show_label = tkinter.Label(self.root, bd=3, bg='white', font=('宋体', 30), anchor='e', textvariable=self.result) show_label.place(x=5, y=20, width=270, height=70) # 功能按钮 MC tkinter.Button(self.root, text='MC', command=self.wait).place(x=5, y=95, width=50, height=50) # 功能按钮 MR tkinter.Button(self.root, text='MR', command=self.wait).place(x=60, y=95, width=50, height=50) # 功能按钮 MS tkinter.Button(self.root, text='MS', command=self.wait).place(x=115, y=95, width=50, height=50) # 功能按钮 M+ tkinter.Button(self.root, text='M+', command=self.wait).place(x=170, y=95, width=50, height=50) # 功能按钮 M- tkinter.Button(self.root, text='M-', command=self.wait).place(x=225, y=95, width=50, height=50) # 退格键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='←', command=self.dele_one).place(x=5, y=150, width=50, height=50) # CE 键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='CE', command=lambda: self.result.set(0)).place(x=60, y=150, width=50, height=50) # C 键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='C', command=self.sweeppress).place(x=115, y=150, width=50, height=50) # ±键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='±', command=self.zf).place(x=170, y=150, width=50, height=50) # √键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='√', command=self.kpf).place(x=225, y=150, width=50, height=50) # 数字 7 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='7', command=lambda: self.pressnum('7')).place(x=5, y=205, width=50, height=50) # 数字 8 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='8', command=lambda: self.pressnum('8')).place(x=60, y=205, width=50, height=50) # 数字 9 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='9', command=lambda: self.pressnum('9')).place(x=115, y=205, width=50, height=50) # /键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='/', command=lambda: self.presscalculate('/')).place(x=170, y=205, width=50, height=50) # //键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='//', command=lambda: self.presscalculate('//')).place(x=225, y=205, width=50, height=50) # 数字 4 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='4', command=lambda: self.pressnum('4')).place(x=5, y=260, width=50, height=50) # 数字 5 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='5', command=lambda: self.pressnum('5')).place(x=60, y=260, width=50, height=50) # 数字 6 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='6', command=lambda: self.pressnum('6')).place(x=115, y=260, width=50, height=50) # *键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='*', command=lambda: self.presscalculate('*')).place(x=170, y=260, width=50, height=50) # 1/x 键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='1/x', command=self.ds).place(x=225, y=260, width=50, height=50) # 数字 1 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='1', command=lambda: self.pressnum('1')).place(x=5, y=315, width=50, height=50) # 数字 2 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='2', command=lambda: self.pressnum('2')).place(x=60, y=315, width=50, height=50) # 数字 3 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='3', command=lambda: self.pressnum('3')).place(x=115, y=315, width=50, height=50) # -键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='-', command=lambda: self.presscalculate('-')).place(x=170, y=315, width=50, height=50) # =键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='=', command=lambda: self.pressequal()).place(x=225, y=315, width=50, height=105) # 数字 0 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='0', command=lambda: self.pressnum('0')).place(x=5, y=370, width=105, height=50) # .键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='.', command=lambda: self.pressnum('.')).place(x=115, y=370, width=50, height=50) # +键 tkinter.Button(self.root, text='+', command=lambda: self.presscalculate('+')).place(x=170, y=370, width=50, height=50) def myfunc(self): tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('', '预留接口') def pressnum(self, num): if self.ispresssign == False: pass else: self.result.set(0) self.ispresssign = False if num == '.': num = '0.' oldnum = self.result.get() if oldnum == '0': self.result.set(num) else: newnum = oldnum + num self.result.set(newnum) def presscalculate(self, sign): num = self.result.get() self.lists.append(num) self.lists.append(sign) self.ispresssign = True def pressequal(self): curnum = self.result.get() self.lists.append(curnum) calculatestr = ''.join(self.lists) endnum = eval(calculatestr) self.result.set(str(endnum)[:10]) if self.lists != 0: self.ispresssign = True self.lists.clear() def wait(self): tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('', '更新中...') def dele_one(self): if self.result.get() == '' or self.result.get() == '0': self.result.set('0') return else: num = len(self.result.get()) if num > 1: strnum = self.result.get() strnum = strnum[0:num - 1] self.result.set(strnum) else: self.result.set('0') def zf(self): strnum = self.result.get() if strnum[0] == '-': self.result.set(strnum[1:]) elif strnum[0] != '-' and strnum != '0': self.result.set('-' + strnum) def ds(self): dsnum = 1 / int(self.result.get()) self.result.set(str(dsnum)[:10]) if self.lists != 0: self.ispresssign = True self.lists.clear() def sweeppress(self): self.lists.clear() self.result.set(0) def kpf(self): strnum = float(self.result.get()) endnum = math.sqrt(strnum) if str(endnum)[-1] == '0': self.result.set(str(endnum)[:-2]) else: self.result.set(str(endnum)[:10]) if self.lists != 0: self.ispresssign = True self.lists.clear() if __name__ == '__main__': my_calculator = Calculator()

from tkinter import * from tkinter.filedialog import * from tkinter.messagebox import * import os filename = "" def author(): showinfo(title="作者", message="Python") def power(): showinfo(title="版权信息", message="课堂练习") def mynew(): global top, filename, textPad top.title("未命名文件") filename = None textPad.delete(1.0, END) def myopen(): global filename filename = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt") if filename == "": filename = None else: top.title("记事本" + os.path.basename(filename)) textPad.delete(1.0, END) f = open(filename, 'r') textPad.insert(1.0, f.read()) f.close() def mysave(): global filename try: f = open(filename, 'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0, 'end') f.write(msg) f.close() except: mysaveas() def mysaveas(): global filename f = asksaveasfilename(initialfile="未命名.txt", defaultextension=".txt") filename = f fh = open(f, 'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0, END) fh.write(msg) fh.close() top.title("记事本 " + os.path.basename(f)) def cut(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>") def copy(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Copy>>") def paste(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Paste>>") def undo(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Undo>>") def redo(): global textPad textPad.event_generate("<<Redo>>") def select_all(): global textPad textPad.tag_add("sel", "1.0", "end") def find(): t = Toplevel(top) t.title("查找") t.geometry("260x60+200+250") t.transient(top) Label(t, text="查找：").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="e") v = StringVar() e = Entry(t, width=20, textvariable=v) e.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2, pady=2, sticky="we") e.focus_set() c = IntVar() Checkbutton(t, text="不区分大小写", variable=c).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='e') Button(t, text="查找所有", command=lambda: search(v.get(), c.get(), textPad, t, e)).grid(row=0, column=2, sticky="e" + "w", padx=2, pady=2) def close_search(): textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END) t.destroy() t.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close_search) def mypopup(event): editmenu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root) def search(needle, cssnstv, textPad, t, e): textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END) count = 0 if needle: pos = "1.0" while True: pos = textPad.search(needle, pos, nocase=cssnstv, stopindex=END) if not pos: break lastpos = pos + str(len(needle)) textPad.tag_add("match", pos, lastpos) count += 1 pos = lastpos textPad.tag_config('match', fg='yellow', bg="green") e.focus_set() t.title(str(count) + "个被匹配") top = Tk() top.title("记事本") top.geometry("600x400+100+50") menubar = Menu(top) filemenu = Menu(top) filemenu.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="Ctrl+N", command=mynew) filemenu.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="Ctrl+O", command=myopen) filemenu.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=mysave) filemenu.add_command(label="另存为", accelerator="Ctrl+shift+s", command=mysaveas) menubar.add_cascade(label="文件", menu=filemenu) editmenu = Menu(top) editmenu.add_command(label="撤销", accelerator="Ctrl+Z", command=undo) editmenu.add_command(label="重做", accelerator="Ctrl+Y", command=redo) editmenu.add_separator() editmenu.add_command(label="剪切", accelerator="Ctrl+X", command=cut) editmenu.add_command(label="复制", accelerator="Ctrl+C", command=copy) editmenu.add_command(label="粘贴", accelerator="Ctrl+V", command=paste) editmenu.add_separator() editmenu.add_command(label="查找", accelerator="Ctrl+F", command=find) editmenu.add_command(label="全选", accelerator="Ctrl+A", command=select_all) menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑", menu=editmenu) aboutmenu = Menu(top) aboutmenu.add_command(label="作者", command=author) aboutmenu.add_command(label="版权", command=power) menubar.add_cascade(label="关于", menu=aboutmenu) top['menu'] = menubar textPad = Text(top, undo=True) textPad.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH) scroll = Scrollbar(textPad) textPad.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set) scroll.config(command=textPad.yview) scroll.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y) textPad.bind("<Control-N>", mynew) textPad.bind("<Control-n>", mynew) textPad.bind("<Control-O>", myopen) textPad.bind("<Control-o>", myopen) textPad.bind("<Control-S>", mysave) textPad.bind("<Control-s>", mysave) textPad.bind("<Control-A>", select_all) textPad.bind("<Control-a>", select_all) textPad.bind("<Control-F>", find) textPad.bind("<Control-f>", find) textPad.bind("<Button-3>", mypopup) top.mainloop()

import tkinter as tk from tkinter import messagebox import pickle import os class LoginApp: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("用户登录系统") self.data_file = "users.pkl" self.users = self.load_users() tk.Label(root, text="用户名:").pack(pady=5) self.username_entry = tk.Entry(root) self.username_entry.pack(pady=5) tk.Label(root, text="密码:").pack(pady=5) self.password_entry = tk.Entry(root, show="*") self.password_entry.pack(pady=5) btn_frame = tk.Frame(root) btn_frame.pack(pady=10) tk.Button(btn_frame, text="登录", command=self.login).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) tk.Button(btn_frame, text="注册", command=self.register).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) tk.Button(btn_frame, text="退出", command=root.quit).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) def load_users(self): if os.path.exists(self.data_file): with open(self.data_file, 'rb') as f: return pickle.load(f) return {} def save_users(self): with open(self.data_file, 'wb') as f: pickle.dump(self.users, f) def register(self): user = self.username_entry.get().strip() pwd = self.password_entry.get().strip() if not user or not pwd: messagebox.showwarning("提示", "用户名和密码不能为空") return if user in self.users: messagebox.showerror("错误", "用户名已存在") else: self.users[user] = pwd self.save_users() messagebox.showinfo("成功", "注册成功") self.username_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.password_entry.delete(0, tk.END) def login(self): user = self.username_entry.get().strip() pwd = self.password_entry.get().strip() if user in self.users and self.users[user] == pwd: messagebox.showinfo("成功", "登录成功") else: messagebox.showerror("错误", "用户名或密码错误") if __name__ == '__main__': root = tk.Tk() app = LoginApp(root) root.mainloop()

import pygame from os import path from sys import exit from time import sleep from random import choice from itertools import product from pygame.locals import QUIT, KEYDOWN def direction_check(moving_direction, change_direction): directions = [['up', 'down'], ['left', 'right']] if moving_direction in directions[0] and change_direction in directions[1]: return change_direction elif moving_direction in directions[1] and change_direction in directions[0]: return change_direction return moving_direction class Snake: colors = list(product([0, 64, 128, 192, 255], repeat=3))[1:-1] def __init__(self): self.map = {(x, y): 0 for x in range(32) for y in range(24)} self.body = [[100, 100], [120, 100], [140, 100]] self.head = [140, 100] self.food = [] self.food_color = [] self.moving_direction = 'right' self.speed = 4 self.generate_food() self.game_started = False def check_game_status(self): if self.body.count(self.head) > 1: return True if self.head[0] < 0 or self.head[0] > 620 or self.head[1] < 0 or self.head[1] > 460: return True return False def move_head(self): moves = { 'right': (20, 0), 'up': (0, -20), 'down': (0, 20), 'left': (-20, 0) } step = moves[self.moving_direction] self.head[0] += step[0] self.head[1] += step[1] def generate_food(self): self.speed = len(self.body) // 16 if len(self.body) // 16 > 4 else self.speed for seg in self.body: x, y = seg self.map[x // 20, y // 20] = 1 empty_pos = [pos for pos in self.map.keys() if not self.map[pos]] result = choice(empty_pos) self.food_color = list(choice(self.colors)) self.food = [result[0] * 20, result[1] * 20] def main(): key_direction_dict = { 119: 'up', 115: 'down', 97: 'left', 100: 'right', 273: 'up', 274: 'down', 276: 'left', 275: 'right', } fps_clock = pygame.time.Clock() pygame.init() pygame.mixer.init() snake = Snake() sound = False title_font = pygame.font.SysFont('simsunnsimsun', 32) welcome_words = title_font.render('贪吃蛇', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) tips_font = pygame.font.SysFont('simsunnsimsun', 20) start_game_words = tips_font.render('点击开始', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) close_game_words = tips_font.render('按 ESC 退出', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) gameover_words = title_font.render('游戏结束', True, (205, 92, 92), (255, 255, 255)) win_words = title_font.render('蛇很长了，你赢了！', True, (0, 0, 205), (255, 255, 255)) screen = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480), 0, 32) pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') new_direction = snake.moving_direction while 1: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT: exit() elif event.type == KEYDOWN: if event.key == 27: exit() if snake.game_started and event.key in key_direction_dict: direction = key_direction_dict[event.key] new_direction = direction_check(snake.moving_direction, direction) elif (not snake.game_started) and event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if 213 <= x <= 422 and 304 <= y <= 342: snake.game_started = True screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) if snake.game_started: snake.moving_direction = new_direction snake.move_head() snake.body.append(snake.head[:]) if snake.head == snake.food: snake.generate_food() else: snake.body.pop(0) for seg in snake.body: pygame.draw.rect(screen, [0, 0, 0], [seg[0], seg[1], 20, 20], 0) pygame.draw.rect(screen, snake.food_color, [snake.food[0], snake.food[1], 20, 20], 0) if snake.check_game_status(): screen.blit(gameover_words, (241, 310)) pygame.display.update() snake = Snake() new_direction = snake.moving_direction sleep(3) elif len(snake.body) == 512: screen.blit(win_words, (33, 210)) pygame.display.update() snake = Snake() new_direction = snake.moving_direction sleep(3) else: screen.blit(welcome_words, (240, 150)) screen.blit(start_game_words, (246, 310)) screen.blit(close_game_words, (246, 350)) pygame.display.update() fps_clock.tick(snake.speed) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

import pygame import random import os pygame.init() GRID_WIDTH = 20 GRID_NUM_WIDTH = 15 GRID_NUM_HEIGHT = 25 WIDTH, HEIGHT = GRID_WIDTH * GRID_NUM_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH * GRID_NUM_HEIGHT SIDE_WIDTH = 200 SCREEN_WIDTH = WIDTH + SIDE_WIDTH WHITE = (0xff, 0xff, 0xff) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) LINE_COLOR = (0x33, 0x33, 0x33) CUBE_COLORS = [ (0xcc, 0x99, 0x99), (0xff, 0xff, 0x99), (0x66, 0x66, 0x99), (0x99, 0x00, 0x66), (0xff, 0xcc, 0x00), (0xcc, 0x00, 0x33), (0xff, 0x00, 0x33), (0x00, 0x66, 0x99), (0xff, 0xff, 0x33), (0x99, 0x00, 0x33), (0xcc, 0xff, 0x66), (0xff, 0x99, 0x00) ] screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块") clock = pygame.time.Clock() FPS = 30 score = 0 level = 1 screen_color_matrix = [[None] * GRID_NUM_WIDTH for i in range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)] base_folder = os.path.dirname(__file__) def show_text(surf, text, size, x, y, color=WHITE): font_name = os.path.join(base_folder, 'font/font.ttc') try: font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size) except: font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, size) text_surface = font.render(text, True, color) text_rect = text_surface.get_rect() text_rect.midtop = (x, y) surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect) class CubeShape(object): SHAPES = ['I', 'J', 'L', 'O', 'S', 'T', 'Z'] I = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)]] J = [[(-2, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, -1)], [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], [(0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)], [(0, -2), (0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0)]] L = [[(-2, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1)], [(1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], [(0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)], [(0, -2), (0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0)]] O = [[(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]] S = [[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)], [(1, -1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1)]] T = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 0)], [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)], [(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0)], [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1)]] Z = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)], [(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, -1), (1, -1)]] SHAPES_WITH_DIR = {'I': I, 'J': J, 'L': L, 'O': O, 'S': S, 'T': T, 'Z': Z} def __init__(self): self.shape = self.SHAPES[random.randint(0, len(self.SHAPES) - 1)] self.center = (2, GRID_NUM_WIDTH // 2) self.dir = random.randint(0, len(self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape]) - 1) self.color = CUBE_COLORS[random.randint(0, len(CUBE_COLORS) - 1)] def get_all_gridpos(self, center=None): curr_shape = self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape][self.dir] if center is None: center = [self.center[0], self.center[1]] return [(cube[0] + center[0], cube[1] + center[1]) for cube in curr_shape] def conflict(self, center): for cube in self.get_all_gridpos(center): if cube[0] < 0 or cube[1] < 0 or cube[0] >= GRID_NUM_HEIGHT or cube[1] >= GRID_NUM_WIDTH: return True if screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]] is not None: return True return False def rotate(self): new_dir = self.dir + 1 new_dir %= len(self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape]) old_dir = self.dir self.dir = new_dir if self.conflict(self.center): self.dir = old_dir return False def down(self): center = (self.center[0] + 1, self.center[1]) if self.conflict(center): return False self.center = center return True def left(self): center = (self.center[0], self.center[1] - 1) if self.conflict(center): return False self.center = center return True def right(self): center = (self.center[0], self.center[1] + 1) if self.conflict(center): return False self.center = center return True def draw(self): for cube in self.get_all_gridpos(): pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, (cube[1] * GRID_WIDTH, cube[0] * GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH)) pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, (cube[1] * GRID_WIDTH, cube[0] * GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH), 1) def draw_grids(): for i in range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH): pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (i * GRID_WIDTH, 0), (i * GRID_WIDTH, HEIGHT)) for i in range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT): pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (0, i * GRID_WIDTH), (WIDTH, i * GRID_WIDTH)) pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (GRID_WIDTH * GRID_NUM_WIDTH, 0), (GRID_WIDTH * GRID_NUM_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH * GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)) def draw_matrix(): for i, row in zip(range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT), screen_color_matrix): for j, color in zip(range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH), row): if color is not None: pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, (j * GRID_WIDTH, i * GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH)) pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, (j * GRID_WIDTH, i * GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH), 2) def draw_score(): show_text(screen, u'得分：{}'.format(score), 20, WIDTH + SIDE_WIDTH // 2, 100) def remove_full_line(): global screen_color_matrix, score, level new_matrix = [[None] * GRID_NUM_WIDTH for i in range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)] index = GRID_NUM_HEIGHT - 1 n_full_line = 0 for i in range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT - 1, -1, -1): is_full = True for j in range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH): if screen_color_matrix[i][j] is None: is_full = False continue if not is_full: new_matrix[index] = screen_color_matrix[i] index -= 1 else: n_full_line += 1 score += n_full_line level = score // 20 + 1 screen_color_matrix = new_matrix def show_welcome(screen): show_text(screen, u'俄罗斯方块', 30, WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2) show_text(screen, u'按任意键开始游戏', 20, WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2 + 50) running = True gameover = True counter = 0 live_cube = None while running: clock.tick(FPS) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if gameover: gameover = False live_cube = CubeShape() break if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: live_cube.left() elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: live_cube.right() elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: live_cube.down() elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: live_cube.rotate() elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: while live_cube.down() == True: pass remove_full_line() if gameover is False and counter % (FPS // level) == 0: if live_cube.down() == False: for cube in live_cube.get_all_gridpos(): screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]] = live_cube.color live_cube = CubeShape() if live_cube.conflict(live_cube.center): gameover = True score = 0 live_cube = None screen_color_matrix = [[None] * GRID_NUM_WIDTH for i in range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)] remove_full_line() counter += 1 screen.fill(BLACK) draw_grids() draw_matrix() draw_score() if live_cube is not None: live_cube.draw() if gameover: show_welcome(screen) pygame.display.update()

from tkinter import * from tkinter.messagebox import * from threading import Timer import time import random class Point: def __init__(self, x, y): self.x = x self.y = y def IsLink(p1, p2): if lineCheck(p1, p2): return True if OneCornerLink(p1, p2): return True if TwoCornerLink(p1, p2): return True return False def IsSame(p1, p2): if map[p1.x][p1.y] == map[p2.x][p2.y]: print("clicked at IsSame") return True return False def callback(event): global Select_first, p1, p2 global firstSelectRectId, SecondSelectRectId x = (event.x) // 40 y = (event.y) // 40 if map[x][y] == " ": showinfo(title="提示", message="此处无方块") else: if Select_first == False: p1 = Point(x, y) firstSelectRectId = cv.create_rectangle(x * 40, y * 40, x * 40 + 40, y * 40 + 40, width=2, outline="blue") Select_first = True else: p2 = Point(x, y) if (p1.x == p2.x) and (p1.y == p2.y): return SecondSelectRectId = cv.create_rectangle(x * 40, y * 40, x * 40 + 40, y * 40 + 40, width=2, outline="yellow") cv.pack() if IsSame(p1, p2) and IsLink(p1, p2): Select_first = False drawLinkLine(p1, p2) t = Timer(timer_interval, delayrun) t.start() else: cv.delete(firstSelectRectId) cv.delete(SecondSelectRectId) Select_first = False timer_interval = 0.3 def delayrun(): clearTwoBlock() def clearTwoBlock(): cv.delete(firstSelectRectId) cv.delete(SecondSelectRectId) map[p1.x][p1.y] = " " cv.delete(image_map[p1.x][p1.y]) map[p2.x][p2.y] = " " cv.delete(image_map[p2.x][p2.y]) Select_first = False undrawConnectLine() def drawQiPan(): for i in range(0, 15): cv.create_line(20, 20 + 40 * i, 580, 20 + 40 * i, width=2) for i in range(0, 15): cv.create_line(20 + 40 * i, 20, 20 + 40 * i, 580, width=2) cv.pack() def print_map(): global image_map for x in range(0, Width): for y in range(0, Height): if (map[x][y] != ' '): img1 = imgs[int(map[x][y])] id = cv.create_image((x * 40 + 20, y * 40 + 20), image=img1) image_map[x][y] = id cv.pack() def lineCheck(p1, p2): absDistance = 0 spaceCount = 0 if (p1.x == p2.x or p1.y == p2.y): if (p1.x == p2.x and p1.y != p2.y): absDistance = abs(p1.y - p2.y) - 1 zf = -1 if p1.y - p2.y > 0 else 1 for i in range(1, absDistance + 1): if (map[p1.x][p1.y + i * zf] == " "): spaceCount += 1 else: break elif (p1.y == p2.y and p1.x != p2.x): absDistance = abs(p1.x - p2.x) - 1 zf = -1 if p1.x - p2.x > 0 else 1 for i in range(1, absDistance + 1): if (map[p1.x + i * zf][p1.y] == " "): spaceCount += 1 else: break if (spaceCount == absDistance): return True else: return False else: return False def OneCornerLink(p1, p2): checkP = Point(p1.x, p2.y) checkP2 = Point(p2.x, p1.y) if (map[checkP.x][checkP.y] == " "): if (lineCheck(p1, checkP) and lineCheck(checkP, p2)): linePointStack.append(checkP) return True if (map[checkP2.x][checkP2.y] == " "): if (lineCheck(p1, checkP2) and lineCheck(checkP2, p2)): linePointStack.append(checkP2) return True return False def TwoCornerLink(p1, p2): checkP = Point(p1.x, p1.y) for i in range(0, 4): checkP.x = p1.x checkP.y = p1.y if (i == 3): checkP.y += 1 while ((checkP.y < Height) and map[checkP.x][checkP.y] == " "): linePointStack.append(checkP) if (OneCornerLink(checkP, p2)): return True else: linePointStack.pop() checkP.y += 1 elif (i == 2): checkP.x += 1 while ((checkP.x < Width) and map[checkP.x][checkP.y] == " "): linePointStack.append(checkP) if (OneCornerLink(checkP, p2)): return True else: linePointStack.pop() checkP.x += 1 elif (i == 1): checkP.x -= 1 while ((checkP.x >= 0) and map[checkP.x][checkP.y] == " "): linePointStack.append(checkP) if (OneCornerLink(checkP, p2)): return True else: linePointStack.pop() checkP.x -= 1 elif (i == 0): checkP.y -= 1 while ((checkP.y >= 0) and map[checkP.x][checkP.y] == " "): linePointStack.append(checkP) if (OneCornerLink(checkP, p2)): return True else: linePointStack.pop() checkP.y -= 1 return False def drawLinkLine(p1, p2): if (len(linePointStack) == 0): Line_id.append(drawLine(p1, p2)) else: if (len(linePointStack) == 1): z = linePointStack.pop() Line_id.append(drawLine(p1, z)) Line_id.append(drawLine(p2, z)) if (len(linePointStack) == 2): z1 = linePointStack.pop() Line_id.append(drawLine(p2, z1)) z2 = linePointStack.pop() Line_id.append(drawLine(z1, z2)) Line_id.append(drawLine(p1, z2)) def undrawConnectLine(): while len(Line_id) > 0: idpop = Line_id.pop() cv.delete(idpop) def drawLine(p1, p2): id = cv.create_line(p1.x * 40 + 20, p1.y * 40 + 20, p2.x * 40 + 20, p2.y * 40 + 20, width=5, fill='red') return id def create_map(): global map tmpMap = [] m = (Width) * (Height) // 10 for x in range(0, m): for i in range(0, 10): tmpMap.append(x) random.shuffle(tmpMap) for x in range(0, Width): for y in range(0, Height): map[x][y] = tmpMap[x * Height + y] root = Tk() root.title("Python 连连看 ") imgs = [PhotoImage(file='images\\bar_0' + str(i) + '.gif') for i in range(0, 10)] Select_first = False firstSelectRectId = -1 SecondSelectRectId = -1 clearFlag = False linePointStack = [] Line_id = [] Height = 10 Width = 10 map = [[" " for y in range(Height)] for x in range(Width)] image_map = [[" " for y in range(Height)] for x in range(Width)] cv = Canvas(root, bg='green', width=440, height=440) cv.bind("<Button-1>", callback) cv.pack() create_map() print_map() root.mainloop()

Python 图形界面与游戏开发实战：计算器、记事本及经典小游戏