Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 官方与镜像站点汇总 | 极客日志

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 官方与镜像站点汇总 | 极客日志

# 使用 wget 下载
wget https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 使用 aria2 多线程下载
aria2c -x16-s16 https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 使用 curl 下载
curl -O https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 断点续传
wget -c https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 校验 SHA256 哈希值
sha256sum CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 使用官方校验文件
wget https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CHECKSUM
sha256sum -c CHECKSUM 2>&1 | grep CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso

# 校验 GPG 签名
wget https://www.centos.org/keys/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
gpg --import RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

# 使用 dd (Linux)
sudo dd if=CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress oflag=sync

# 使用 dd (macOS)
sudo dd if=CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m

# 验证 USB 设备
lsblk

# 备份原始配置
sudo cp /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo.backup

# 编辑 CentOS Stream 9 配置
sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo

# 使用清华镜像示例
[baseos]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-stream/$streamver/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

# 使用 Rocky Linux 镜像工具
sudo dnf install rocky-release
sudo dnf install epel-release

# 切换到国内镜像
sudo sed -i 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky-*.repo
sudo sed -i 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rocky|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky-*.repo

# 使用 AlmaLinux 镜像工具
sudo dnf install almalinux-release
sudo dnf install epel-release

# 切换到国内镜像
sudo sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo
sudo sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo

# 测试镜像连通性
curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/

# 测试下载速度
time wget -O /dev/null https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/HEADER.html

# 比较多个镜像速度
for mirror in "mirror.centos.org" "mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn" "mirrors.aliyun.com"; do
  echo "Testing $mirror:"
  time wget -O /dev/null "https://$mirror/centos/HEADER.html" 2>&1 | grep real
done