十个实用的 Python 自动化脚本

重复性任务往往耗时且枯燥，例如批量裁剪图片、纠正拼写错误或处理 API 请求。利用 Python 的丰富生态库，可以编写自动化脚本来替代这些工作，显著提升效率。

01. 图片优化器

该脚本基于 Pillow 模块，支持对图像进行裁剪、缩放、翻转、旋转、压缩及滤镜处理，功能类似于简易版 Photoshop。

# Image Optimizing
# pip install Pillow
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter, ImageOps, ImageEnhance

# Crop
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.crop((34, 23, 100, 100))

# Resize
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.resize((50, 50))

# Flip
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)

# Rotate
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.rotate(360)

# Compress
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im.save("Image1.jpg", optimize=True, quality=90)

# Blur
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR)

# Sharpen
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = im.filter(ImageFilter.SHARPEN)

# Brightness
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = ImageEnhance.Brightness(im).enhance(1.5)

# Contrast
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = ImageEnhance.Contrast(im).enhance(1.5)

# Filters (Grayscale/Invert/Posterize)
im = Image.open("Image1.jpg")
im = ImageOps.grayscale(im)
im = ImageOps.invert(im)
im = ImageOps.posterize(im, 4)

# Save
im.save("Image1.jpg")

02. 视频优化器

使用 Moviepy 模块可轻松实现视频剪辑、音频合成、速度调整及特效添加，适合快速构建视频编辑器。

# Video Optimizer
# pip install moviepy
import moviepy.editor as pyedit

# Load
video = pyedit.VideoFileClip("vid.mp4")

# Trim
vid1 = video.subclip(0, 10)
vid2 = video.subclip(20, 40)
final_vid = pyedit.concatenate_videoclips([vid1, vid2])

# Speed
final_vid = final_vid.speedx(2)

# Audio
aud = pyedit.AudioFileClip("bg.mp3")
final_vid = final_vid.set_audio(aud)

# Reverse
final_vid = final_vid.fx(pyedit.vfx.time_mirror)

# Merge
vid1 = pyedit.VideoFileClip("vid1.mp4")
vid2 = pyedit.VideoFileClip("vid2.mp4")
final_vid = pyedit.concatenate_videoclips([vid1, vid2])

# VFX
vid1 = final_vid.fx(pyedit.vfx.mirror_x)
vid2 = final_vid.fx(pyedit.vfx.invert_colors)
final_vid = pyedit.concatenate_videoclips([vid1, vid2])

# Images
img1 = pyedit.ImageClip("img1.jpg")
img2 = pyedit.ImageClip("img2.jpg")
final_vid = pyedit.concatenate_videoclips([img1, img2])

# Save
final_vid.write_videofile("final.mp4")

03. PDF 转图片

PyMuPDF 模块能高效提取 PDF 页面并转换为 PNG 图像，适用于文档归档或预览场景。

# PDF to Images
# pip install PyMuPDF
import fitz

def pdf_to_images(pdf_file):
    doc = fitz.open(pdf_file)
    for p in doc:
        pix = p.get_pixmap()
        output = f"page{p.number}.png"
        pix.writePNG(output)

pdf_to_images("test.pdf")

04. 获取 API 数据

Urllib3 提供了强大的 HTTP 客户端功能，支持 GET 和 POST 请求，便于从服务器获取或发送数据。

# pip install urllib3
import urllib3

http = urllib3.PoolManager()

# Fetch
url = "https://api.github.com/users/psf/repos"
response = http.request('GET', url)
print(response.status)
print(response.data)

# Post
url = "https://httpbin.org/post"
response = http.request('POST', url, fields={'hello': 'world'})
print(response.status)

05. 电池指示灯

结合 Psutil 和 Plyer 库，可监控系统电池状态并在电量低于阈值时发送桌面通知。

# Battery Notifier
# pip install plyer psutil
from plyer import notification
import psutil
from time import sleep

while True:
    battery = psutil.sensors_battery()
    life = battery.percent
    if life < 50:
        notification.notify(
            title="Battery Low",
            message="Please connect to power source",
            timeout=10
        )
    sleep(60)

06. 语法修正器

利用 HappyTransformer 和 T5 模型，可自动扫描文本并修复语法错误，提升写作质量。

# Grammer Fixer
# pip install happytransformer
from happytransformer import HappyTextToText as HappyTTT
from happytransformer import TTSettings

def Grammar_Fixer(Text):
    Grammer = HappyTTT("T5","prithivida/grammar_error_correcter_v1")
    config = TTSettings(do_sample=True, top_k=10, max_length=100)
    corrected = Grammer.generate_text(Text, args=config)
    print("Corrected Text: ", corrected.text)

Text = "This is sample text we know this"
Grammar_Fixer(Text)

07. 拼写修正

TextBlob 库提供简单的接口来检测并修正单词拼写错误，适用于段落或单字纠错。

# Spell Fixer
# pip install textblob
from textblob import *

def fix_paragraph_words(paragraph):
    sentence = TextBlob(paragraph)
    correction = sentence.correct()
    print(correction)

def fix_word_spell(word):
    word = Word(word)
    correction = word.correct()
    print(correction)

fix_paragraph_words("This is sample text!!")
fix_word_spell("maangoo")

08. 互联网下载器

通过 IDM 模块可创建多线程下载器，支持断点续传，用于批量下载文件或媒体资源。

# Python Downloader
# pip install internetdownloadmanager
import internetdownloadmanager as idm

def Downloader(url, output):
    pydownloader = idm.Downloader(worker=20,
                                part_size=1024*1024*10,
                                resumable=True)
    pydownloader.download(url, output)

Downloader("Link url", "image.jpg")
Downloader("Link url", "video.mp4")

09. 获取世界新闻

调用 News API 接口，可根据关键词检索全球新闻，支持多语言和多地区筛选。

# World News Fetcher
# pip install requests
import requests

ApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY"
url = f"https://api.worldnewsapi.com/search-news?text=hurricane&api-key={ApiKey}"
headers = {
  'Accept': 'application/json'
}
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
print("News: ", response.json())

10. GUI 应用程序

PySide6 是跨平台 GUI 框架，可用于构建包含按钮、输入框、进度条等控件的现代桌面应用。

# PySide 6
# pip install PySide6
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
from PySide6.QtGui import *
import sys

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = QWidget()
window.resize(500, 500)
window.setWindowTitle("PySide6 Window")

button = QPushButton("Click Me", window)
button.move(200, 200)

label = QLabel("Hello World", window)
label.move(200, 150)

input_box = QLineEdit(window)
input_box.move(200, 250)

radio_button = QRadioButton("Radio Button", window)
radio_button.move(200, 300)

checkbox = QCheckBox("Checkbox", window)
checkbox.move(200, 350)

slider = QSlider(window)
slider.move(200, 400)

progress_bar = QProgressBar(window)
progress_bar.move(200, 450)

msg = QMessageBox(window)
msg.setText("Message Box")
msg.setStandardButtons(QMessageBox.Ok | QMessageBox.Cancel)

window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec())

以上脚本覆盖了办公自动化、数据处理及界面开发等常见场景，开发者可根据实际需求组合使用，实现工作流的自动化。