Java 调用通义千问与 DeepSeek 大模型实战指南

输出是 JSON 格式的。

如果你只想要输出内容，可以替换为以下代码：

GenerationResult result = callWithMessage();
String content = result.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getContent();
System.out.println(content);

输出就只有内容了。

Java 调用 DeepSeek

快速开始

在大模型服务平台百炼上，直接使用官方提供的示例代码。

注意：因为我们要返回 reasoning_content（思考过程）字段，你的 DashScope Java SDK 版本需要不低于 2.18.2。

// dashscope SDK 的版本 >= 2.18.2
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.lang.System;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.Generation;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationParam;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationResult;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Message;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Role;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.ApiException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.InputRequiredException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.NoApiKeyException;

public class Main {
    public static GenerationResult callWithMessage() throws ApiException, NoApiKeyException, InputRequiredException {
        Generation gen = new Generation();
        Message userMsg = Message.builder()
                .role(Role.USER.getValue())
                .content("你是谁？")
                .build();
        GenerationParam param = GenerationParam.builder()
                // 若没有配置环境变量，请用百炼 API Key 将下行替换为：.apiKey("sk-xxx")
                .apiKey(System.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"))
                .model("deepseek-r1")
                .messages(Arrays.asList(userMsg))
                // 不可以设置为"text"
                .resultFormat(GenerationParam.ResultFormat.MESSAGE)
                .build();
        return gen.call(param);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            GenerationResult result = callWithMessage();
            System.out.println("思考过程：");
            System.out.println(result.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getReasoningContent());
            System.out.println("回复内容：");
            System.out.println(result.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getContent());
        } catch (ApiException | NoApiKeyException | InputRequiredException e) {
            // 使用日志框架记录异常信息
            System.err.println("An error occurred while calling the generation service: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

多轮对话

百炼提供的 DeepSeek API 默认不会记录你的历史对话信息。多轮对话功能可以让大模型'拥有记忆'，满足如追问、信息采集等需要连续交流的场景。

// dashscope SDK 的版本 >= 2.18.2
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.lang.System;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.Generation;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationParam;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationResult;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Message;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Role;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.ApiException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.InputRequiredException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.NoApiKeyException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.utils.JsonUtils;

public class Main {
    public static GenerationResult callWithMessage() throws ApiException, NoApiKeyException, InputRequiredException {
        Generation gen = new Generation();
        Message userMsg1 = Message.builder()
                .role(Role.USER.getValue())
                .content("你好")
                .build();
        Message AssistantMsg = Message.builder()
                .role(Role.ASSISTANT.getValue())
                .content("你好！很高兴见到你，有什么我可以帮忙的吗？")
                .build();
        Message UserMsg2 = Message.builder()
                .role(Role.USER.getValue())
                .content("你是谁")
                .build();
        GenerationParam param = GenerationParam.builder()
                // 若没有配置环境变量，请用百炼 API Key 将下行替换为：.apiKey("sk-xxx")
                .apiKey(System.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"))
                .model("deepseek-r1")
                .messages(Arrays.asList(userMsg1, AssistantMsg, UserMsg2))
                // 不可以设置为"text"
                .resultFormat(GenerationParam.ResultFormat.MESSAGE)
                .build();
        return gen.call(param);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            GenerationResult result = callWithMessage();
            System.out.println("思考过程：");
            System.out.println(result.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getReasoningContent());
            System.out.println("回复内容：");
            System.out.println(result.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getContent());
        } catch (ApiException | NoApiKeyException | InputRequiredException e) {
            // 使用日志框架记录异常信息
            System.err.println("An error occurred while calling the generation service: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

这样模型就有了记忆长对话的能力。

流式输出

DeepSeek-R1 类模型可能会输出较长的思考过程，为了降低超时风险，建议使用流式输出方式调用 DeepSeek-R1 类模型。

// dashscope SDK 的版本 >= 2.18.2
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.Generation;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationParam;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.aigc.generation.GenerationResult;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Message;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.common.Role;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.ApiException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.InputRequiredException;
import com.alibaba.dashscope.exception.NoApiKeyException;
import io.reactivex.Flowable;
import java.lang.System;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    private static StringBuilder reasoningContent = new StringBuilder();
    private static StringBuilder finalContent = new StringBuilder();
    private static boolean isFirstPrint = true;

    private static void handleGenerationResult(GenerationResult message) {
        String reasoning = message.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getReasoningContent();
        String content = message.getOutput().getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getContent();
        if (!reasoning.isEmpty()) {
            reasoningContent.append(reasoning);
            if (isFirstPrint) {
                System.out.println("====================思考过程====================");
                isFirstPrint = false;
            }
            System.out.print(reasoning);
        }
        if (!content.isEmpty()) {
            finalContent.append(content);
            if (!isFirstPrint) {
                System.out.println("\n====================完整回复====================");
                isFirstPrint = true;
            }
            System.out.print(content);
        }
    }

    private static GenerationParam buildGenerationParam(Message userMsg) {
        return GenerationParam.builder()
                // 若没有配置环境变量，请用百炼 API Key 将下行替换为：.apiKey("sk-xxx")
                .apiKey(System.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"))
                .model("deepseek-r1")
                .messages(Arrays.asList(userMsg))
                // 不可以设置为"text"
                .resultFormat(GenerationParam.ResultFormat.MESSAGE)
                .incrementalOutput(true)
                .build();
    }

    public static void streamCallWithMessage(Generation gen, Message userMsg) throws NoApiKeyException, ApiException, InputRequiredException {
        GenerationParam param = buildGenerationParam(userMsg);
        Flowable<GenerationResult> result = gen.streamCall(param);
        result.blockingForEach(message -> handleGenerationResult(message));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Generation gen = new Generation();
            Message userMsg = Message.builder().role(Role.USER.getValue()).content("你是谁？").build();
            streamCallWithMessage(gen, userMsg);
            // 打印最终结果
            // if (reasoningContent.length() > 0) {
            //     System.out.println("\n====================完整回复====================");
            //     System.out.println(finalContent.toString());
            // }
        } catch (ApiException | NoApiKeyException | InputRequiredException e) {
            logger.error("An exception occurred: {}", e.getMessage());
        }
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

这是一个动态的过程。