Python 使用 tkinter 绘制动态爱心动画

简介

本示例展示了如何使用 Python 的 tkinter 库结合数学公式绘制动态爱心动画。

代码展示

import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *

CANVAS_WIDTH = 640 
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 480 
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
HEART_COLOR = "#ff2121"

def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):
    """
    '爱心函数生成器'
    :param shrink_ratio: 放大比例
    :param t: 参数
    :return: 坐标
    """
    # 基础函数
    x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
    y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))

    x *= shrink_ratio
    y *= shrink_ratio

    # 移到画布中央
    x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
    y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y

    return int(x), int(y)

def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
    """
    :param x: 原 x
    :param y: 原 y
    :param beta: 强度
    :return: 新坐标
    """
    ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())
    ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())

    dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)

    return x - dx, y - dy

def shrink(x, y, ratio):
    """

    :param x: 原 x
    :param y: 原 y
    :param ratio: 比例
    :return: 新坐标
    """
    force = - / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) **  + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** ) ** ) 
    dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
     x - dx, y - dy

 ():
    

      * ( * sin( * p)) / ( * pi)

 :
    
     ():
        ._points = () 
        ._edge_diffusion_points = () 
        ._center_diffusion_points = ()  
        .all_points = {} 
        .build()

        .random_halo = 

        .generate_frame = generate_frame
         frame  (generate_frame):
            .calc(frame)

     ():
        
         _  (number):
            t = random.uniform(,  * pi)
            x, y = heart_function(t)
            ._points.add((x, y))

        
         _x, _y  (._points):
             _  ():
                x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, )
                ._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

        point_list = (._points)
         _  ():
            x, y = random.choice(point_list)
            x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, )
            ._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))


     ():
        
        force =  / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) **  + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** ) ** ) 

        dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-, )
        dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-, )

         x - dx, y - dy

     ():
        ratio =  * curve(generate_frame /  * pi)  

        halo_radius = ( +  * ( + curve(generate_frame /  * pi)))
        halo_number = ( +  * (curve(generate_frame /  * pi) ** ))

        all_points = []

        
        heart_halo_point = ()
         _  (halo_number):
            t = random.uniform(,  * pi) 
            x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=) 
            x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
             (x, y)   heart_halo_point:
                
                heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
                x += random.randint(-, )
                y += random.randint(-, )
                size = random.choice((, , ))
                all_points.append((x, y, size))

        
         x, y  ._points:
            x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(, )
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        
         x, y  ._edge_diffusion_points:
            x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(, )
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

         x, y  ._center_diffusion_points:
            x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(, )
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        .all_points[generate_frame] = all_points

     ():
         x, y, size  .all_points[render_frame % .generate_frame]:
            render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=, fill=HEART_COLOR)

 ():
    render_canvas.delete()
    render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
    main.after(, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + )

 __name__ == :
    root = Tk() 
    canvas = Canvas(root, bg=, height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
    canvas.pack()
    heart = Heart()
    draw(root, canvas, heart)
    root.mainloop()