开源本地AI助手OpenClaw详解：从零开始，手把手安装
在AI助手遍地开花的今天，一款能让你完全掌控数据、兼具强执行力与高灵活性的工具显得尤为珍贵——OpenClaw便是这样一款开源个人AI助手。它打破了传统云端AI的局限，运行在你的本地设备上，可通过WhatsApp、Telegram等10+主流聊天平台交互，既能操作系统、控制浏览器，也能扩展技能、持久记忆，堪称你的“私人数字员工”。
1 OpenClaw为什么值得安装？
直接一张图告诉你为什么选OpenClaw：
当 Claude Code 和 OpenCode 还在局部战场较量时，OpenClaw 已构建起完整的能力闭环。尤其是“自我修复”和“原生本地自动化”这两项，让它真正具备了处理复杂连续性任务的能力，优势不止一点点。
2 环境安装
2.1 NodeJS安装
安装OpenClaw的前提条件是安装Node 22或者以上的版本，如图所示：
下载位置：Node.js
双击打开之后，按照以下步骤操作:
这里选择安装位置之后，点击Next:
使用以下命令检查是否安装成功：
node--version
2.2 OpenClaw安装
打开PowerShell输入以下命令：
# 执行策略设置为允许运行本地脚本和远程签名的脚 Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned # 安装openclaw iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1 | iex 不使用Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned直接安装运行会报错：
安装完成后，会自动让你去配置：
[OK] Windows detected(Windows 已检测到)[OK] Node.js v24.14.0 found(找到 Node.js v24.14.0)[*] Installing OpenClaw (openclaw@latest)...(正在安装 OpenClaw（openclaw@latest）...)[OK] OpenClaw installed(OpenClaw 已安装) OpenClaw installed successfully (OpenClaw 2026.3.8 (3caab92))(OpenClaw 安装成功（OpenClaw 2026.3.8 (3caab92)）！) The lobster has landed. Your terminal will never be the same.(龙虾已登陆。您的终端从此将焕然一新。) Starting setup...(正在启动设置...) 🦞 OpenClaw 2026.3.8 (3caab92) — I'll do the boring stuff while you dramatically stare at the logs like it's cinema.() 🦞 OpenClaw 2026.3.8（3caab92）——我来做那些枯燥的事，你就好好盯着日志看，就像在看电影一样。 Windows detected — OpenClaw runs great on WSL2! Windows 已检测到 — OpenClaw 在 WSL2 上运行良好！ Native Windows might be trickier. 原生 Windows 可能会更棘手。 Quick setup: wsl --install(one command, one reboot) 快速设置：wsl --install（一条命令，一次重启） Guide: https://docs.openclaw.ai/windows 指南：https://docs.openclaw.ai/windows ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ ██░▄▄▄░██░▄▄░██░▄▄▄██░▀██░██░▄▄▀██░████░▄▄▀██░███░██ ██░███░██░▀▀░██░▄▄▄██░█░█░██░█████░████░▀▀░██░█░█░██ ██░▀▀▀░██░█████░▀▀▀██░██▄░██░▀▀▄██░▀▀░█░██░██▄▀▄▀▄██ ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ 🦞 OPENCLAW 🦞 T OpenClaw onboarding T OpenClaw 入职培训 | o Security ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ||| Security warning — please read. |||| OpenClaw is a hobby project and still in beta. Expect sharp edges. || By default, OpenClaw is a personal agent: one trusted operator boundary. || This bot can read files and run actions if tools are enabled. || A bad prompt can trick it into doing unsafe things. |||| OpenClaw is not a hostile multi-tenant boundary by default. || If multiple users can message one tool-enabled agent, they share that delegated tool || authority. |||| If you’re not comfortable with security hardening and access control, don’t run || OpenClaw. || Ask someone experienced to help before enabling tools or exposing it to the internet. |||| Recommended baseline: || - Pairing/allowlists + mention gating. || - Multi-user/shared inbox: split trust boundaries (separate gateway/credentials, ideally || separate OS users/hosts). || - Sandbox + least-privilege tools. || - Shared inboxes: isolate DM sessions (`session.dmScope: per-channel-peer`) and keep || tool access minimal. || - Keep secrets out of the agent’s reachable filesystem. || - Use the strongest available model for any bot with tools or untrusted inboxes. |||| Run regularly: || openclaw security audit --deep|| openclaw security audit --fix|||| Must read: https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/security ||| +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ o 安全性 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+|| 安全警告——请阅读。||| OpenClaw 是一个业余项目，目前仍处于测试阶段。请做好遇到问题的准备。| 默认情况下，OpenClaw 是一个个人代理：一个受信任的操作边界。| 此机器人可以读取文件并在启用工具的情况下执行操作。| 一个糟糕的提示可能会诱使它做出不安全的行为。||| OpenClaw 默认情况下并非具有敌意的多租户边界。| 如果多个用户可以向一个启用工具的代理发送消息，那么他们就共享该代理所拥有的工具权限。||| 如果您对安全强化和访问控制不熟悉，请勿运行 OpenClaw。| 在启用工具或将其暴露于互联网之前，请寻求有经验的人的帮助。|||| 推荐基准： || - 配对/允许列表 + 提及权限控制。 ||| - 多用户/共享收件箱：划分信任边界（分别设置网关/凭证，理想情况下应分别设置操作系统用户/主机）。 ||| - 沙盒 + 最低权限工具。|| - 共享收件箱：将直接消息会话隔离（`session.dmScope: 按频道对等`），并尽量减少工具访问权限。 || - 不要将机密信息置于代理可访问的文件系统中。| 对于任何带有工具或不可信收件箱的机器人，都应使用可用的最强模型。||| 定期运行： openclaw 安全审计 --深度 openclaw 安全审计 --修复|| 必读：https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/security| * I understand this is personal-by-default and shared/multi-user use requires lock-down. Continue? * 我明白这是默认的个人使用，而共享/多用户使用则需要锁定设置。继续？ | Yes / > No 这里选择Yes，然后回车 Onboarding mode |> QuickStart (Configure details later via openclaw configure.)| Manual 这里选择QuickStart然后回车 Model/auth provider |> OpenAI (Codex OAuth + API key)| Anthropic | Chutes | vLLM | MiniMax | Moonshot AI (Kimi K2.5)| Google | xAI (Grok)| Mistral AI | Volcano Engine | BytePlus | OpenRouter | Kilo Gateway | Qwen | Z.AI | Qianfan | Copilot | Vercel AI Gateway | OpenCode Zen | Xiaomi | Synthetic | Together AI | Hugging Face | Venice AI |... 这里配置自己的模型源，我选择Qwen. 选择Qwen回车后会跳出登录界面，如下图所示：
登录之后，会出现以下界面：
认证成功后会出现以下界面：
Default model | > Keep current (qwen-portal/coder-model) | Enter model manually | qwen-portal/coder-model | qwen-portal/vision-model 这里直接回车(Keep current (qwen-portal/coder-model)) Select channel (QuickStart) | > Telegram (Bot API) (recommended · newcomer-friendly) | WhatsApp (QR link) | Discord (Bot API) | IRC (Server + Nick) | Google Chat (Chat API) | Slack (Socket Mode) | Signal (signal-cli) | iMessage (imsg) | LINE (Messaging API) | Feishu/Lark (飞书) | Nostr (NIP-04 DMs) | Microsoft Teams (Bot Framework) | Mattermost (plugin) | Nextcloud Talk (self-hosted) | Matrix (plugin) | BlueBubbles (macOS app) | Zalo (Bot API) | Zalo (Personal Account) | Synology Chat (Webhook) | Tlon (Urbit) | Skip for now 这里是让你配置插件工具的，稍后配置，选择Skip for now然后回车 o Web search ----------------------------------------+ | | | Web search lets your agent look things up online. | | Choose a provider and paste your API key. | | Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai/tools/web | | | +-----------------------------------------------------+ | * Search provider | > Brave Search (Structured results · country/language/time filters) | Gemini (Google Search) | Grok (xAI) | Kimi (Moonshot) | Perplexity Search | Skip for now 这里是让你选择搜索引擎配置的依旧选择Skip for now然后回车 Search provider | Skip for now | o Skills status -------------+ | | | Eligible: 3 | | Missing requirements: 40 | | Unsupported on this OS: 8 | | Blocked by allowlist: 0 | | | +-----------------------------+ | * Configure skills now? (recommended) | > Yes / No 这里是让你配置skills的，选择No，然后回车. Set GOOGLE_PLACES_API_KEY for goplaces? | No | o Set GEMINI_API_KEY for nano-banana-pro? | No | o Set NOTION_API_KEY for notion? | No | o Set OPENAI_API_KEY for openai-image-gen? | No | o Set OPENAI_API_KEY for openai-whisper-api? | No | o Set ELEVENLABS_API_KEY for sag? | No Enable hooks? | [•] Skip for now | [ ] 🚀 boot-md | [ ] 📎 bootstrap-extra-files | [ ] 📝 command-logger | [ ] 💾 session-memory 这里空格选择Skip for now，然后回车 Enable hooks? | Skip for now Config overwrite: C:\Users\57157\.openclaw\openclaw.json (sha256 fd1d96cdc90b27f69015e5f488f66289d16081c1bca7c8b3809495812c408569 -> 04d27f0851262460e2f3744ae8211b27e25be09229e3933f0d4d0507ddde7584, backup=C:\Users\57157\.openclaw\openclaw.json.bak) | o Gateway service runtime --------------------------------------------+ | | | QuickStart uses Node for the Gateway service (stable + supported). | | | +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | O Installing Gateway service… Installed Scheduled Task: OpenClaw Gateway Task script: C:\Users\57157\.openclaw\gateway.cmd o Gateway service installed. | o Health check failed: gateway closed (1006 abnormal closure (no close frame)): no close reason Gateway target: ws://127.0.0.1:18789 Source: local loopback Config: C:\Users\57157\.openclaw\openclaw.json Bind: loopback | o Health check help --------------------------------+ | | | Docs: | | https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/health | | https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/troubleshooting | | | +----------------------------------------------------+ | o Optional apps ------------------------+ | | | Add nodes for extra features: | | - macOS app (system + notifications) | | - iOS app (camera/canvas) | | - Android app (camera/canvas) | | | +----------------------------------------+ | o Control UI -------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | | | Web UI: http://127.0.0.1:18789/ | | Web UI (with token): | | http://127.0.0.1:18789/#token=91d58ba5ff5c6e224a737eab5a5bf338723f1477623d5f33 | | Gateway WS: ws://127.0.0.1:18789 | | Gateway: not detected (gateway closed (1006 abnormal closure (no close frame)): no close | | reason) | | Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai/web/control-ui | | | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | o Workspace backup ----------------------------------------+ | | | Back up your agent workspace. | | Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai/concepts/agent-workspace | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+ | o Security ------------------------------------------------------+ | | | Running agents on your computer is risky — harden your setup: | | https://docs.openclaw.ai/security | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ | o Shell completion -------------------------------------------------------+ | | | Shell completion installed. Restart your shell or run: source ~/.zshrc | | | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | o Dashboard ready ----------------------------------------------------------------+ | | | Dashboard link (with token): | | http://127.0.0.1:18789/#token=91d58ba5ff5c6e224a737eab5a5bf338723f1477623d5f33 | | Opened in your browser. Keep that tab to control OpenClaw. | | | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | o Web search ---------------------------------------+ | | | Web search was skipped. You can enable it later: | | openclaw configure --section web | | | | Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai/tools/web | | | +----------------------------------------------------+ | o What now -------------------------------------------------------------+ | | | What now: https://openclaw.ai/showcase ("What People Are Building"). | | | +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | — Onboarding complete. Dashboard opened; keep that tab to control OpenClaw. 到这一步算是初步安装openclaw成功，安装成功后会自动启动WebUI. 如下图所示，安装成功后会自动跳出两个窗口，一个是shell，一个是openclaw的web页面
测试openclaw：
可以看到openclaw自动打开了B站。
2.3 OpenClaw重新配置
如果想要重新配置openclaw，可以使用以下命令去配置：
openclaw onboard 选择YES后回车：
选择QuickStart然后回车：
选择Update values，然后回车，会出现以下界面：
我这里选择的是Qwen，会出现以下信息：
登录之后会出现以下界面，直接回车即可，使用默认模型：
这里先选择跳过：
开始配置Skills，这里选择Yes回车：
这里配置你想要添加的skills，点击空格选中，然后回车配置完成：
这里选择你需要的去配置：
3 常见错误
3.1 网管令牌导致的报错
unauthorized: gateway token missing (open the dashboard URL and paste the token in Control UI settings)
解决办法：重新打开webui：
# 方式 1：自动打开浏览器 openclaw dashboard # 方式 2：仅输出 URL，手动复制到浏览器 openclaw dashboard --no-open 3.2 验证过期问题
Agent failed before reply: All models failed (3): qwen-portal/coder-model: OAuth token refresh failed for qwen-portal: Qwen OAuth refresh token expired or invalid. Re-authenticate with openclaw models auth login --provider qwen-portal.. Please try again or re-authenticate. (auth) | qwen-portal/vision-model: OAuth token refresh failed for qwen-portal: Qwen OAuth refresh token expired or invalid. Re-authenticate with openclaw models auth login --provider qwen-portal.. Please try again or re-authenticate. (auth) | vercel-ai-gateway/alibaba/qwen3.5-plus: No API key found for provider "vercel-ai-gateway".
解决办法，重新验证：
openclaw models auth login --provider qwen-portal 总结
目前只是测试简单使用openclaw去做自动化操作，后续会重点探索 OpenClaw 的自定义技能开发、多平台交互配置、本地化模型接入等方向，充分发挥 “私人数字员工” 的价值，让 AI 真正服务于本地场景的自动化需求。
