Linux 网络基础：HTTP 协议详解与服务器模拟实现

Linux 网络基础：HTTP 协议详解与服务器模拟实现 | 极客日志

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include "log.hpp"
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;

Log lg;
const int backlog = 10;
enum {
    SocketErr = 2,
    BindErr,
    ListenErr,
};

class Sock {
public:
    Sock() {}
    ~Sock() {}

    void Socket() {
        sockfd_ = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (sockfd_ < 0) {
            lg(Fatal, "socket error, strerror: %s, errno: %d", strerror(errno), errno);
            exit(SocketErr);
        }
    }

    void Bind(uint16_t port) {
        struct sockaddr_in local;
        memset(&local, 0, sizeof(local));
        local.sin_family = AF_INET;
        local.sin_port = htons(port);
        local.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
        if (bind(sockfd_, (struct sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(local)) < 0) {
            lg(Fatal, "Bind error, strerror: %s, errno: %d", strerror(errno), errno);
            exit(BindErr);
        }
    }

    void Listen() {
        if (listen(sockfd_, backlog) < 0) {
            lg(Fatal, "Listen Error, strerror: %s, errno: %d", strerror(errno), errno);
            exit(ListenErr);
        }
    }

    int Accept(std::string* ip, uint16_t* port) {
        struct sockaddr_in peer;
        socklen_t len = sizeof(peer);
        int newfd = accept(sockfd_, (struct sockaddr*)&peer, &len);
        if (newfd < 0) {
            lg(Warning, "accept error, strerror: %s, errno: %d", strerror(errno), errno);
            return -1;
        }
        char ipstr[64];
        inet_ntop(AF_INET, &peer.sin_addr, ipstr, sizeof(ipstr));
        *ip = ipstr;
        *port = ntohs(peer.sin_port);
        return newfd;
    }

    bool Connect(const string& ip, const uint16_t& port) {
        struct sockaddr_in peer;
        memset(&peer, 0, sizeof(peer));
        peer.sin_family = AF_INET;
        peer.sin_port = htons(port);
        inet_pton(AF_INET, ip.c_str(), &(peer.sin_addr));
        int n = connect(sockfd_, (struct sockaddr*)&peer, sizeof(peer));
        if (n < 0) {
            cerr << "Connect to" << ip << ":" << port << endl;
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    void Close() { close(sockfd_); }
    int Fd() { return sockfd_; }
private:
    int sockfd_;
};

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include "Socket.hpp"
#include <string>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unordered_map>

std::string blank_line = "\r\n";
std::string wwwroot = "./wwwroot";
std::string homepage = "index.html";

class HttpServer;

class ThreadData {
public:
    ThreadData(int sockfd, HttpServer* hs) : _sockfd(sockfd), _hs(hs) {}
public:
    int _sockfd;
    HttpServer* _hs;
};

class HttpResponse {
public:
    void Deserialize(std::string req) {
        while (true) {
            std::size_t pos = req.find(blank_line);
            if (pos == std::string::npos) break;
            std::string temp = req.substr(0, pos);
            if (temp.empty()) // 空行
                break;
            vc.push_back(temp);
            req.erase(0, pos + blank_line.size());
        }
        text += req;
    }

    void Parse() {
        std::stringstream ss(vc[0]);
        ss >> method >> url >> version;
        file_path = wwwroot;
        if (url == "/" || url == "index.html") {
            file_path += "/";
            file_path += homepage; // wwwroot/index.html
        } else {
            file_path += url; // wwwroot/a/b/t/t
        }
    }

    void DebugPrint() {
        for (auto line : vc) {
            std::cout << line << std::endl;
            std::cout << "------------" << std::endl;
        }
        std::cout << "method: " << method << std::endl;
        std::cout << "url: " << url << std::endl;
        std::cout << "version: " << version << std::endl;
        std::cout << "file_path: " << file_path << std::endl;
        std::cout << "text: " << text << std::endl;
    }

public:
    vector<string> vc;
    string text;
    std::string method;
    std::string url;
    std::string version;
    std::string file_path;
};

class HttpServer {
public:
    HttpServer(uint16_t port) : _port(port) {}

    void start() {
        _listen.Socket();
        _listen.Bind(_port);
        _listen.Listen();
        lg(Info, "server create success");
        for (;;) {
            std::string clientip;
            uint16_t port;
            int sockfd = _listen.Accept(&clientip, &port);
            lg(Info, "get a newfd:%d", sockfd);
            pthread_t tid;
            ThreadData* td = new ThreadData(sockfd, this);
            pthread_create(&tid, nullptr, ThreadRun, td);
        }
    }

    static std::string ReadHtmlContent(const std::string& htmlpath) {
        std::ifstream in(htmlpath);
        if (!in.is_open()) { return "404"; }
        std::string content;
        std::string line;
        while (getline(in, line)) {
            content += line;
        }
        in.close();
        return content;
    }

    static void HandlerHttp(int sockfd) {
        char buffer[10240];
        ssize_t n = recv(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, 0);
        if (n > 0) {
            buffer[n] = 0;
            HttpResponse rep;
            rep.Deserialize(buffer);
            rep.Parse();
            rep.DebugPrint();
            std::string text = ReadHtmlContent(rep.file_path);
            std::string response_line = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n";
            std::string response_header = "Content-Length: ";
            response_header += std::to_string(text.size());
            std::string response = response_line;
            response += response_header;
            response += "\r\n";
            response += blank_line;
            response += text;
            send(sockfd, response.c_str(), response.size(), 0);
        }
        close(sockfd);
    }

    static void* ThreadRun(void* args) {
        pthread_detach(pthread_self());
        ThreadData* td = static_cast<ThreadData*>(args);
        HandlerHttp(td->_sockfd);
        close(td->_sockfd);
        delete td;
        return nullptr;
    }

    Sock _listen;
    uint16_t _port;
};

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head>
<body>
<h1>这个是我们的首页</h1>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/a/b/hello.html">到第二张网页</a>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/c/d/hello2.html">到第三张网页</a>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head>
<body>
<h1>第二张图片</h1>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080">回到首页</a>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/c/d/hello2.html">到第三张网页</a>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head>
<body>
<h1>第三张图片</h1>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080">回到首页</a>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/a/b/hello.html">到第三张网页</a>
</body>
</html>

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;

#define SIZE 1024
#define Info 0
#define Debug 1
#define Warning 2
#define Error 3
#define Fatal 4
#define Screen 1
#define Onefile 2
#define Classfile 3
#define Logfile "log.txt"

class Log {
public:
    Log() { printmethod = Screen; path = "./log/"; mkdir(path.c_str(), 0777); }
    void Enable(int method) { printmethod = method; }
    string levelToString(int level) {
        switch (level) {
        case Info: return "Info";
        case Debug: return "Debug";
        case Warning: return "Warning";
        case Error: return "Error";
        case Fatal: return "Fatal";
        }
    }

    void operator()(int level, const char* format, ...) {
        time_t t = time(nullptr);
        struct tm* ctime = localtime(&t);
        char leftbuffer[SIZE];
        snprintf(leftbuffer, sizeof(leftbuffer), "[%s][%d-%d-%d %d %d %d]", levelToString(level).c_str(), ctime->tm_year + 1900, ctime->tm_mon + 1, ctime->tm_mday, ctime->tm_hour, ctime->tm_min, ctime->tm_sec);
        va_list s;
        va_start(s, format);
        char rightbuffer[SIZE];
        vsnprintf(rightbuffer, sizeof(rightbuffer), format, s);
        va_end(s);
        char logtxt[SIZE * 2];
        snprintf(logtxt, sizeof(logtxt), "%s %s", leftbuffer, rightbuffer);
        printlog(level, logtxt);
    }

    void printlog(int level, const string& logtxt) {
        switch (printmethod) {
        case Screen: cout << logtxt << endl; break;
        case Onefile: printOnefile(Logfile, logtxt); break;
        case Classfile: printClassfile(level, logtxt); break;
        }
    }

    void printOnefile(const string& failname, const string& logtxt) {
        string _failname = path + failname;
        int fd = open(_failname.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0666);
        if (fd < 0) { return; }
        write(fd, logtxt.c_str(), logtxt.size());
        close(fd);
    }

    void printClassfile(int level, const string& logtxt) {
        string _failname = Logfile;
        _failname += ".";
        _failname += levelToString(level);
        printOnefile(_failname, logtxt);
    }

    ~Log() {}
private:
    int printmethod;
    string path;
};

#include <iostream>
#include "HttpServer.hpp"
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    if (argc != 2) { exit(1); }
    HttpServer* svr = new HttpServer(stoi(argv[1]));
    svr->start();
    return 0;
}

response_header += "Set-Cookie: name=haha&&password=123456";
response_header += "\r\n";

Linux 网络基础：HTTP 协议详解与服务器模拟实现

URL

HTTP 协议格式

请求格式

HTTP 常用方法

响应格式

更多推荐文章

相关免费在线工具

常见状态码

HTTP 常见 Header

模拟实现 HTTP 服务器

目录结构

核心代码实现

Socket.hpp

Server.hpp

index.html

hello.html

hello2.html

Log.hpp

server.cc

Linux 网络基础：HTTP 协议详解与服务器模拟实现

URL

HTTP 协议格式

请求格式

HTTP 常用方法

响应格式

微信扫一扫，关注极客日志

更多推荐文章

相关免费在线工具

常见状态码

HTTP 常见 Header

模拟实现 HTTP 服务器

目录结构

核心代码实现

Socket.hpp

Server.hpp

index.html

hello.html

hello2.html

Log.hpp

server.cc

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