n8n部署安装（docker）、支持Code in Python (Native)节点

n8n部署安装（docker）、支持Code in Python (Native)节点

前提条件：
docker、docker compose已部署安装，可参考docker和docker compose部署安装

文件目录结构：

n8n/ ├─ docker-compose.yaml ├─ .env ├─ n8n-task-runners.json 

一、部署安装

1.镜像拉取

docker pull docker.n8n.io/n8nio/n8n #如果下载不下来，可用国内镜像，但是这个镜像名字要和国内镜像网址上的名字一致，比如国内轩辕镜像用的是 docker pull n8nio/n8n 

2.创建docker-compose.yaml配置文件

version:'3'services:n8n:image: n8nio/n8n container_name: n8n restart: always ports:-"5678:5678"env_file:- .env environment:# 开启 task runners- N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED=true # 使用 external 模式（必须）- N8N_RUNNERS_MODE=external # runner 通信- N8N_RUNNERS_AUTH_TOKEN=super-secret-token - N8N_RUNNERS_TIMEOUT=300 - N8N_RUNNERS_BROKER_LISTEN_ADDRESS=0.0.0.0 - N8N_NATIVE_PYTHON_RUNNER=true # 基本设置- GENERIC_TIMEZONE=Asia/Shanghai - N8N_SECURE_COOKIE=false volumes:- n8n_data:/home/node/.n8n depends_on:- n8n-runner n8n-runner:image: n8nio/runners:latest container_name: n8n-runner restart: always environment:- N8N_RUNNERS_AUTH_TOKEN=super-secret-token - N8N_RUNNERS_GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT=30 - N8N_RUNNERS_TASK_BROKER_URI=http://n8n:5679- N8N_RUNNERS_STDLIB_ALLOW=* volumes:- runner_data:/data - ./n8n-task-runners.json:/etc/n8n-task-runners.json volumes:n8n_data:runner_data:

3.创建.env文件

N8N_BASIC_AUTH_ACTIVE=true N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER=admin N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD=admin123 # change_this_to_random_string需要进行替换，生成方式：在宿主机执行openssl rand -hex 16即可得到N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY=change_this_to_random_string 

4.创建n8n-task-runners.json文件

{"task-runners":[{"runner-type":"javascript","workdir":"/home/runner","command":"/usr/local/bin/node","args":["--disallow-code-generation-from-strings","--disable-proto=delete","/opt/runners/task-runner-javascript/dist/start.js"],"health-check-server-port":"5681","allowed-env":["PATH","GENERIC_TIMEZONE","NODE_OPTIONS","N8N_RUNNERS_AUTO_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT","N8N_RUNNERS_TASK_TIMEOUT","N8N_RUNNERS_MAX_CONCURRENCY","N8N_SENTRY_DSN","N8N_VERSION","ENVIRONMENT","DEPLOYMENT_NAME"],"env-overrides":{"NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_BUILTIN":"crypto","NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_EXTERNAL":"moment","N8N_RUNNERS_HEALTH_CHECK_SERVER_HOST":"0.0.0.0"}},{"runner-type":"python","workdir":"/home/runner","command":"/opt/runners/task-runner-python/.venv/bin/python","args":["-m","src.main"],"health-check-server-port":"5682","allowed-env":["PATH","N8N_RUNNERS_LAUNCHER_LOG_LEVEL","N8N_RUNNERS_AUTO_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT","N8N_RUNNERS_TASK_TIMEOUT","N8N_RUNNERS_MAX_CONCURRENCY","N8N_RUNNERS_STDLIB_ALLOW","N8N_SENTRY_DSN","N8N_VERSION","ENVIRONMENT","DEPLOYMENT_NAME"],"env-overrides":{"PYTHONPATH":"/opt/runners/task-runner-python","N8N_RUNNERS_EXTERNAL_ALLOW":""}}]}

5.启动运行

docker compose up -d

浏览器访问：http://ip:5678

二、FAQ

1.Error: Mismatching encryption keys. The encryption key in the settings file /home/node/.n8n/config does not match the N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY env var. Please make sure both keys match

原因：新配置的 N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY 和 n8n 已存储在配置文件中的旧密钥不匹配，导致 n8n 启动失败。这是因为你之前未配置密钥时，n8n 自动生成了临时密钥并保存在 /home/node/.n8n/config 文件中，现在新密钥和旧密钥冲突了。

步骤 1：找到旧加密密钥

进入 n8n 数据卷目录，查看配置文件中的旧密钥：

# 1. 找到 n8n 数据卷的实际挂载路径 docker volume inspect n8n_n8n_data | grep Mountpoint # 输出示例："Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/n8n_n8n_data/_data" # 2. 进入该目录，查看 config 文件（替换为你查到的 Mountpoint 路径） cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/n8n_n8n_data/_data cat config 

在 config 文件中找到 encryptionKey 字段，示例：

{ "encryptionKey": "abc123def456ghi789jkl000mnop111qrs", "instanceId": "xxx" } 

复制 encryptionKey 后的字符串（这就是旧密钥）。

步骤 2：将旧密钥配置为 N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY

修改.env文件的此处配置，重启即可。

2.Problem in node ‘Code in Python (Native)‘ Security violations detected

这个报错 “Security violations detected” 的原因是：n8n 的 Python Code 节点默认禁用了外部模块的导入，属于安全限制。

解决方法：

检查docker-compose.yaml文件是否有N8N_RUNNERS_STDLIB_ALLOW=*和./n8n-task-runners.json:/etc/n8n-task-runners.json配置

n8n-task-runners.json文件内容是否正确。

参考链接：

• https://jishuzhan.net/article/2007720869788434434
• https://community.n8n.io/t/libraries-desallowed-in-n8n-code-node-n8n-cloud/203666/12