SpringBoot 学生管理系统：核心配置与 Controller 实现

SpringBoot 学生管理系统实战

搭建一个基础的学生管理系统，重点在于 SpringBoot 的配置以及 Controller 层如何结合原生 JDBC 进行数据交互。虽然现代开发更倾向于使用 MyBatis 或 JPA，但理解底层连接管理依然很有必要。

项目结构概览

系统主要包含前端界面展示、后端接口处理以及文件上传功能。以下是关键界面的示意：

基础配置

在 application.properties 中，我们需要指定服务端口、上下文路径以及数据库连接信息。注意这里直接使用了 MySQL 驱动类名，实际项目中建议根据版本调整。

server.port=8090
server.servlet.context-path=/student
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/stutest?serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
upload.file.path=d:/upload

Controller 层实现

Controller 负责接收请求并返回 JSON 数据。在这个示例中，我们直接在 Service 层之外通过 DBUtil 获取连接，手动编写 SQL。这种方式适合快速原型，但在生产环境中建议封装为 Repository 或 Mapper。

package com.cskfz.student.controller;

import com.cskfz.student.entity.Student;
import com.cskfz.student.pojo.ActionResult;
import com.cskfz.student.utils.DBUtil;
 org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

 javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 java.io.File;
 java.sql.Connection;
 java.sql.PreparedStatement;
 java.sql.ResultSet;
 java.sql.SQLException;
 java.util.*;



   {

    
     DBUtil dbUtil;

    
     String savePath;

    
    
    
     ActionResult  {
           ;
           ;
           ;
        List<Student> list =  <>();
           ;

         {
               Integer.parseInt(map.get());
               Integer.parseInt(map.get());
               (page - ) * rows;

            conn = dbUtil.getConnection();

            
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            rs.next();
            Map<String, Object> data =  <>();
            data.put(, rs.getInt());

            
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
            stmt.setInt(, begin);
            stmt.setInt(, rows);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();

             (rs.next()) {
                list.add( (
                    rs.getInt(),
                    rs.getString(),
                    .equals(rs.getString()),
                    rs.getDate(),
                    rs.getString()
                ));
            }
            data.put(, list);
            result = ActionResult.ok(data);
        }  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  {
            closeResource(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
         result;
    }

    
    
    
     ActionResult  {
           ;
           ;
           ;
           ;

         {
            conn = dbUtil.getConnection();
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
            stmt.setInt(, sid);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
             (rs.next()) {
                result = ActionResult.ok( (
                    rs.getInt(),
                    rs.getString(),
                    .equals(rs.getString()),
                    rs.getDate(),
                    rs.getString()
                ));
            }
        }  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  {
            closeResource(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
         result;
    }

    
    
    
     ActionResult  {
           ;
           ;
           ;

           req.getParameter();
           req.getParameter();
           req.getParameter();
           .equals(genderStr) ?  : ;
           req.getParameter();
           req.getParameter();

         {
            conn = dbUtil.getConnection();
             (sno ==  || sno.equals()) {
                
                stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
                stmt.setString(, sname);
                stmt.setString(, gender);
                stmt.setString(, birth);
                stmt.setString(, filePath);
            }  {
                
                stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
                stmt.setString(, sname);
                stmt.setString(, gender);
                stmt.setString(, birth);
                stmt.setString(, filePath);
                stmt.setInt(, Integer.parseInt(sno));
            }
            stmt.executeUpdate();
            result = ActionResult.ok();
        }  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  {
            closeResource(conn, stmt, );
        }
         result;
    }

    
    
    
     ActionResult  {
           ;
           ;
           ;

         {
            conn = dbUtil.getConnection();
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
            stmt.setInt(, sid);
            stmt.executeUpdate();
            result = ActionResult.ok();
        }  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  {
            closeResource(conn, stmt, );
        }
         result;
    }

    
    
    
     ActionResult  {
           ;
         {
             (!file.isEmpty()) {
                   file.getOriginalFilename();
                   filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf());
                   UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace(, );
                   uuid + extName;
                
                    (savePath +  + newName);
                
                dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
                file.transferTo(dest);
                
                result = ActionResult.ok( + newName);
            }
        }  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         result;
    }

    
       {
         (rs != ) {
             { rs.close(); }  (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        }
         (stmt != ) {
             { stmt.close(); }  (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        }
         (conn != ) {
             { conn.close(); }  (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        }
    }
}