C# 创建 WebApi 项目及核心功能详解

C# 创建 WebApi 项目及核心功能详解 | 极客日志

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); // Add services to the container.
var app = builder.Build(); // Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.Run();

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
//获取所有衬衫数据列表
app.MapGet("/shirts", () => { return "获取所有衬衫数据列表"; });
//获取指定 ID 的衬衫数据
app.MapGet("/shirts/{id}", (int id) => { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; });
//创建一件新的衬衫
app.MapPost("/shirts", () => { return "创建一件新的衬衫"; });
//更新指定 ID 的衬衫数据
app.MapPut("/shirts/{id}", (int id) => { return $"更新 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; });
//删除指定 ID 的衬衫数据
app.MapDelete("/shirts/{id}", (int id) => { return $"删除 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; });
app.Run();

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace WebApiTest.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    public class ShirtsController : ControllerBase
    {
        //获取所有衬衫数据列表
        [HttpGet]
        [Route("api/shirts")]
        public string GetShirts() { return "获取所有衬衫数据列表"; }
        //获取指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpGet]
        [Route("api/shirts/{id}")]
        public string GetShirtById(int id) { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
        //创建一件新的衬衫
        [HttpPost]
        [Route("api/shirts")]
        public string CreateShirt() { return "创建一件新的衬衫"; }
        //更新指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpPut]
        [Route("api/shirts/{id}")]
        public string UpdateShirt(int id) { return $"更新 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
        //删除指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpDelete]
        [Route("api/shirts/{id}")]
        public string DeleteShirt(int id) { return $"删除 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace WebApiTest.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("/api/[controller]")]
    public class ShirtsController : ControllerBase
    {
        //获取所有衬衫数据列表
        [HttpGet]
        public string GetShirts() { return "获取所有衬衫数据列表"; }
        //获取指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public string GetShirtById(int id) { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
        //创建一件新的衬衫
        [HttpPost]
        public string CreateShirt() { return "创建一件新的衬衫"; }
        //更新指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        public string UpdateShirt(int id) { return $"更新 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
        //删除指定 ID 的衬衫数据
        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public string DeleteShirt(int id) { return $"删除 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }
    }
}

[HttpGet("{id}")]
public string GetShirtById([FromRoute]int id) { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }

[HttpGet("{id}")]
public string GetShirtById([FromRoute]int id, [FromQuery]string color) { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据"; }

[HttpGet("{id}")]
public string GetShirtById([FromRoute]int id, [FromQuery]string color, [FromHeader]int size) { return $"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据，衬衫颜色为{color}，大小为{size}"; }

[HttpPost]
public string CreateShirt([FromBody]Shirt shirt) { return $"创建一件新的衬衫，{shirt.Id}, {shirt.Name}, {shirt.Color}, {shirt.Gender}, {shirt.Price}"; }

[HttpPost]
public string CreateShirt([FromForm]Shirt shirt) { return $"创建一件新的衬衫，{shirt.Id}, {shirt.Name}, {shirt.Color}, {shirt.Gender}, {shirt.Price}"; }

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using WebApiDemo.Models;
namespace WebApiTest.Models.Validations
{
    public class Shirt_EnsureCorrectSizingAttribute : ValidationAttribute
    {
        protected override ValidationResult? IsValid(object? value, ValidationContext validationContext)
        {
            var shirt = validationContext.ObjectInstance as Shirt;
            if(shirt != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(shirt.Gender))
            {
                if(shirt.Gender.Equals("men", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) && shirt.Size < 8)
                {
                    return new ValidationResult("男性衬衫的尺码必须大于或等于 8。");
                }
                else if (shirt.Gender.Equals("women", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) && shirt.Size < 6)
                {
                    return new ValidationResult("女性衬衫的尺码必须大于或等于 6。");
                }
            }
            return ValidationResult.Success;
        }
    }
}

[HttpGet("{id}")]
public IActionResult GetShirtById([FromRoute]int id, [FromQuery]string color, [FromHeader]int size)
{
    if(id <= 0)
    {
        //错误响应
        return BadRequest();
    }
    else if(id > 10)
    {
        //未找到
        return NotFound();
    }
    //正确响应
    return Ok($"获取 ID 为 {id} 的衬衫数据，衬衫颜色为{color}，大小为{size}");
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
namespace WebApiTest.Filters.ActionFilters
{
    public class Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuting(context);
            var id = context.ActionArguments["id"] as int?;
            if (id.HasValue)
            {
                if(id.Value <= 0)
                {
                    context.ModelState.AddModelError("Id", "衬衫 ID 必须大于 0。");
                    var problemDetails = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ValidationProblemDetails(context.ModelState)
                    {
                        Status = 400,
                        Title = "请求参数错误",
                    };
                    context.Result = new BadRequestObjectResult(problemDetails);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
namespace WebApiTest.Filters.ExceptionFilters
{
    public class Shirt_HandleUpdateExceptionFilterAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute
    {
        public int?[] shirtsId = new int?[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
        public override void OnException(ExceptionContext context)
        {
            base.OnException(context);
            //判断衬衫 ID 是否存在 暂时假设 shirtsId 为数据库中已有的衬衫 ID 列表
            var strShirtId = context.RouteData.Values["id"] as string;
            if (int.TryParse(strShirtId, out int shirtId))
            {
                if (shirtsId.FirstOrDefault(x => x == shirtId) == null)
                {
                    context.ModelState.AddModelError("Id", $"衬衫已经不存在");
                    var problemDetails = new ValidationProblemDetails(context.ModelState)
                    {
                        Status = StatusCodes.Status404NotFound,
                    };
                    context.Result = new NotFoundObjectResult(problemDetails);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using WebApiDemo.Models;
namespace WebApiTest.Data
{
    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Shirt> Shirts { get; set; }
        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
            //数据播种
            modelBuilder.Entity<Shirt>().HasData(
                new Shirt { Id = 1, Name = "衬衫 1", Color = "red", Gender = "men", Size = 10, Price = 100 },
                new Shirt { Id = 2, Name = "衬衫 2", Color = "blue", Gender = "men", Size = 12, Price = 140 },
                new Shirt { Id = 3, Name = "衬衫 3", Color = "黑色", Gender = "women", Size = 11, Price = 132 },
                new Shirt { Id = 4, Name = "衬衫 4", Color = "白色", Gender = "women", Size = 7, Price = 151 }
            );
        }
    }
}

//需要将 master 替换为需要创建的数据库名称
Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=master;Integrated Security=True;Trust Server Certificate=True

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using WebApiDemo.Models;
namespace WebApiTest.Data
{
    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options) : base(options) { }
        public DbSet<Shirt> Shirts { get; set; }
        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
            //数据播种
            modelBuilder.Entity<Shirt>().HasData(
                new Shirt { Id = 1, Name = "衬衫 1", Color = "red", Gender = "men", Size = 10, Price = 100 },
                new Shirt { Id = 2, Name = "衬衫 2", Color = "blue", Gender = "men", Size = 12, Price = 140 },
                new Shirt { Id = 3, Name = "衬衫 3", Color = "黑色", Gender = "women", Size = 11, Price = 132 },
                new Shirt { Id = 4, Name = "衬衫 4", Color = "白色", Gender = "women", Size = 7, Price = 151 }
            );
        }
    }
}

builder.Services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options => { options.UseSqlServer(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("ShirtStoreManagement")); });

//获取所有衬衫数据列表
[HttpGet]
public IActionResult GetShirts()
{
    return Ok(db.Shirts.ToList());
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using WebApiTest.Data;
namespace WebApiTest.Filters.ActionFilters
{
    public class Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        private readonly ApplicationDbContext db;
        public Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute(ApplicationDbContext db) { this.db = db; }
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuting(context);
            var id = context.ActionArguments["id"] as int?;
            if (id.HasValue)
            {
                if(id.Value <= 0)
                {
                    context.ModelState.AddModelError("Id", "衬衫 ID 必须大于 0。");
                    var problemDetails = new ValidationProblemDetails(context.ModelState)
                    {
                        Status = 400,
                        Title = "请求参数错误",
                    };
                    context.Result = new BadRequestObjectResult(problemDetails);
                }
                else
                {
                    var shirt = db.Shirts.Find(id.Value);
                    if(shirt == null)
                    {
                        context.ModelState.AddModelError("Id", $"ID 为{id.Value}的衬衫在数据库不存在");
                        var problemDetails = new ValidationProblemDetails(context.ModelState)
                        {
                            Status = 400,
                            Title = "衬衫 ID 不存在",
                        };
                        context.Result = new NotFoundObjectResult(problemDetails);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        context.HttpContext.Items["shirt"] = shirt;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

//获取指定 ID 的衬衫数据
[HttpGet("{id}")]
[TypeFilter(typeof(Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute))]
public IActionResult GetShirtById([FromRoute]int id)
{
    //正确响应
    return Ok(HttpContext.Items["shirt"]);
}

//创建一件新的衬衫
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreateShirt([FromBody]Shirt shirt)
{
    this.db.Shirts.Add(shirt);
    this.db.SaveChanges();
    return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetShirtById), new { id = shirt.Id}, shirt);
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using WebApiTest.Data;
namespace WebApiTest.Filters.ExceptionFilters
{
    public class Shirt_HandleUpdateExceptionFilterAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute
    {
        private readonly ApplicationDbContext db;
        public Shirt_HandleUpdateExceptionFilterAttribute(ApplicationDbContext db) { this.db = db; }
        public override void OnException(ExceptionContext context)
        {
            base.OnException(context);
            //判断衬衫 ID 是否存在 暂时假设 shirtsId 为数据库中已有的衬衫 ID 列表
            var strShirtId = context.RouteData.Values["id"] as string;
            if (int.TryParse(strShirtId, out int shirtId))
            {
                if (this.db.Shirts.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == shirtId) == null)
                {
                    context.ModelState.AddModelError("Id", $"衬衫已经在数据库不存在，可能在此之前被删除了");
                    var problemDetails = new ValidationProblemDetails(context.ModelState)
                    {
                        Status = StatusCodes.Status404NotFound,
                    };
                    context.Result = new NotFoundObjectResult(problemDetails);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

//更新指定 ID 的衬衫数据
[HttpPut("{id}")]
[TypeFilter(typeof(Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute))]
[TypeFilter(typeof(Shirt_HandleUpdateExceptionFilterAttribute))]
public IActionResult UpdateShirt(int id, [FromBody]Shirt shirt)
{
    var shirtToUpdate = HttpContext.Items["shirt"] as Shirt;
    shirtToUpdate.Name = shirt.Name;
    shirtToUpdate.Size = shirt.Size;
    shirtToUpdate.Color = shirt.Color;
    shirtToUpdate.Gender = shirt.Gender;
    shirtToUpdate.Price = shirt.Price;
    this.db.SaveChanges();
    return Ok($"ID 为{id}衬衫更新成功");
}

//删除指定 ID 的衬衫数据
[HttpDelete("{id}")]
[TypeFilter(typeof(Shirt_ValidateShirtIdFilterAttribute))]
public IActionResult DeleteShirt(int id)
{
    var shirtToDelete = HttpContext.Items["shirt"] as Shirt;
    this.db.Shirts.Remove(shirtToDelete);
    this.db.SaveChanges();
    return Ok(shirtToDelete);
}

namespace WebApiDemo.Authority
{
    public class Application
    {
        public int ApplicationId { get; set; }
        public string? ApplicationName { get; set; }
        public string? ClientId { get; set; }
        public string? Secret { get; set; }
        public string? Scopes { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace WebApiDemo.Authority
{
    public static class AppRepository
    {
        private static List<Application> _applications = new List<Application>
        {
            new Application 
            { 
                ApplicationId = 1, 
                ApplicationName = "MVCWebApp", 
                ClientId = "53D3C1E6-4587-4AD5-8C6E-A8E4BD59940E", 
                Secret = "0673FC70-0514-4011-B4A3-DF9BC03201BC", 
                Scopes = "read,write,delete" 
            }
        };
        public static Application? GetApplicationByClientId(string clientId)
        {
            return _applications.FirstOrDefault(app => app.ClientId == clientId);
        }
    }
}

namespace WebApiDemo.Authority
{
    public class AppCredential
    {
        public string? ClientId { get; set; } = string.Empty;
        public string? Secret { get; set; } = string.Empty;
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;
using WebApiDemo.Authority;
namespace WebApiDemo.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    public class AuthorityController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly IConfiguration configuration;
        public AuthorityController(IConfiguration configuration) { this.configuration = configuration; }
        [HttpPost("auth")]
        public IActionResult Authenticate([FromBody] AppCredential credential)
        {
            if (Authenticator.Authenticate(credential.ClientId, credential.Secret))
            {
                var expiresAt = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(10);
                return Ok(new { access_token = Authenticator.CreateToken(credential.ClientId, expiresAt, configuration["SecurityKey"] ?? string.Empty), expires_at = expiresAt });
            }
            else
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("Unauthorized", "未被授权");
                var problemDetails = new ValidationProblemDetails(ModelState)
                {
                    Status = StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized,
                };
                return new UnauthorizedObjectResult(problemDetails);
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Security.Claims;
namespace WebApiDemo.Authority
{
    public static class Authenticator
    {
        public static bool Authenticate(string clientId, string secret)
        {
            var app = AppRepository.GetApplicationByClientId(clientId);
            if (app == null) return false;
            return (app.ClientId == clientId && app.Secret == secret);
        }
        public static string CreateToken(string clientId, DateTime expiresAt, string strSecretKey)
        {
            //安全算法
            //签名密钥
            //负载（声明）
            //生成签名
            //算法
            var signingCredentials = new SigningCredentials(
                new SymmetricSecurityKey(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strSecretKey)),
                SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature);
            //负载（声明）
            var app = AppRepository.GetApplicationByClientId(clientId);
            var claimsDictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>
            {
                { "AppName", app?.ApplicationName??string.Empty },
                //{ "Read", (app?.Scopes??string.Empty).Contains("read") ? "true" : "false" },
                //{ "Write", (app?.Scopes??string.Empty).Contains("write") ? "true" : "false" }
            };
            var scopes = app?.Scopes?.Split(',') ?? Array.Empty<string>();
            if(scopes.Length > 0)
            {
                foreach(var scope in scopes)
                {
                    claimsDictionary.Add(scope.Trim().ToLower(), "true");
                }
            }
            var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor
            {
                SigningCredentials = signingCredentials,
                Claims = claimsDictionary,
                Expires = expiresAt,
                NotBefore = DateTime.UtcNow,
            };
            var tokenHandler = new JsonWebTokenHandler();
            return tokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);
        }
        public static async Task<IEnumerable<Claim>?> VerifyTokenAsync(string tokenString, string securityKey)
        {
            if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(tokenString) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(securityKey))
            {
                return null;
            }
            var keyBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(securityKey);
            var tokenHandle = new JsonWebTokenHandler();
            var validationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
            {
                ValidateIssuer = false,
                IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(keyBytes),
                ValidateIssuerSigningKey = false,
                ValidateAudience = false,
                ValidateLifetime = true,
                ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero,
            };
            try
            {
                var result = await tokenHandle.ValidateTokenAsync(tokenString, validationParameters);
                if(result.SecurityToken != null)
                {
                    var tokenObject = tokenHandle.ReadJsonWebToken(tokenString);
                    return tokenObject.Claims ?? Enumerable.Empty<Claim>();
                }
                else
                {
                    return null;
                }
            }
            catch (SecurityTokenMalformedException)
            {
                return null;
            }
            catch (SecurityTokenExpiredException)
            {
                return null;
            }
            catch (SecurityTokenInvalidSignatureException)
            {
                return null;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using WebApiDemo.Attributes;
using WebApiDemo.Authority;
namespace WebApiDemo.Filters.AuthFilters
{
    public class JwtTokenAuthFilterAttribute : Attribute, IAsyncAuthorizationFilter
    {
        public async Task OnAuthorizationAsync(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
        {
            //1. 从请求头中获取授权标识
            if (!context.HttpContext.Request.Headers.TryGetValue("Authorization", out var authHeader))
            {
                context.Result = new UnauthorizedResult();
                return;
            }
            string tokenString = authHeader.ToString();
            //2. 去掉 Bearer 前缀
            if (tokenString.StartsWith("Bearer ", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                tokenString = tokenString.Substring("Bearer ".Length).Trim();
            }
            else
            {
                context.Result = new UnauthorizedResult();
                return;
            }
            //3. 获取配置和安全密钥
            var configuration = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetService<IConfiguration>();
            var securityKey = configuration?["SecurityKey"] ?? string.Empty;
            //4. 验证令牌 并且 提取声明
            //if(!await Authenticator.VerifyTokenAsync(tokenString, securityKey))
            //{
            // context.Result = new UnauthorizedResult();
            //}
            var claims = await Authenticator.VerifyTokenAsync(tokenString, securityKey);
            if (claims == null)
            {
                context.Result = new UnauthorizedResult(); // 无效令牌 401
            }
            else
            {
                //5. 获取声明需求
                var requiredClaism = context.ActionDescriptor.EndpointMetadata
                    .OfType<RequiredClaimAttribute>()
                    .ToList();
                if(requiredClaism != null && !requiredClaism.All(rc => claims.Any(c => c.Type.Equals(rc.ClaimType, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) && c.Value.Equals(rc.ClaimValue, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))))
                {
                    context.Result = new StatusCodeResult(403); // 权限不足 403
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

namespace WebApiDemo.Attributes
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method | AttributeTargets.Class,AllowMultiple = true)]
    public class RequiredClaimAttribute : Attribute
    {
        public string ClaimType { get; }
        public string ClaimValue { get; }
        public RequiredClaimAttribute(string claimType, string claimValue)
        {
            this.ClaimType = claimType;
            this.ClaimValue = claimValue;
        }
    }
}

C# 创建 WebApi 项目及核心功能详解

1、创建 WebApi 项目

2、Minimal APIs 最小 API 使用

3、ASP.NET Core 中间件管道

4、Web API 控制器实现 Web API

5、基于控制器的 Web API 的路由

6、模型绑定，将 Http 请求中的数据映射到操作方法的参数

6.1 从路由绑定

6.2 从查询字符串中绑定

6.3 从请求头 Header 中绑定

6.4 从请求体 Body JSON 格式中绑定

6.5 从请求体 Body 表单中绑定

7、数据注解模型验证

8、ValidationAttribute 模型验证，继承 ValidationAttribute

9、Web API 返回类型

10、操作过滤器进行模型验证，继承 ActionFilterAttribute

11、异常过滤器实现异常处理

12、Web API 操作数据库

12.1 下载安装 Sql Server Developer Edition 和 SQL Server Management Studio

12.2 安装需要使用的包

12.3 创建数据库上下文

12.4 执行数据库迁移

12.5 使用 EF Core 实现 Get 端点

12.6 使用 EF Core 实现 Get by Id 端点

12.7 使用 EF Core 实现 Post 端点

12.8 使用 EF Core 实现 Put 端点

12.9 使用 EF Core 实现 Delete 端点

13、Web Api 安全机制，使用 JWT 生成令牌和验证令牌

更多推荐文章

相关免费在线工具

C# 创建 WebApi 项目及核心功能详解

1、创建 WebApi 项目

2、Minimal APIs 最小 API 使用

3、ASP.NET Core 中间件管道

4、Web API 控制器实现 Web API

5、基于控制器的 Web API 的路由

6、模型绑定，将 Http 请求中的数据映射到操作方法的参数

6.1 从路由绑定

6.2 从查询字符串中绑定

6.3 从请求头 Header 中绑定

6.4 从请求体 Body JSON 格式中绑定

6.5 从请求体 Body 表单中绑定

7、数据注解模型验证

8、ValidationAttribute 模型验证，继承 ValidationAttribute

9、Web API 返回类型

10、操作过滤器进行模型验证，继承 ActionFilterAttribute

11、异常过滤器实现异常处理

12、Web API 操作数据库

12.1 下载安装 Sql Server Developer Edition 和 SQL Server Management Studio

12.2 安装需要使用的包

12.3 创建数据库上下文

12.4 执行数据库迁移

12.5 使用 EF Core 实现 Get 端点

12.6 使用 EF Core 实现 Get by Id 端点

12.7 使用 EF Core 实现 Post 端点

12.8 使用 EF Core 实现 Put 端点

12.9 使用 EF Core 实现 Delete 端点

13、Web Api 安全机制，使用 JWT 生成令牌和验证令牌

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