Android 基于 AccessibilityService 实现钉钉自动签到方案

3. 无障碍服务配置文件

在 res/xml/ 目录下创建 accessibility_service_config.xml，指定可访问的应用包名及事件类型。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<accessibility-service xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:accessibilityEventTypes="typeAllMask"
    android:accessibilityFeedbackType="feedbackGeneric"
    android:accessibilityFlags="flagDefault"
    android:canRetrieveWindowContent="true"
    android:description="@string/accessibility_description"
    android:notificationTimeout="100"
    android:packageNames="com.alibaba.android.rimet" />

二、核心代码实现

1. 工具类：唤醒第三方应用

为了能够启动钉钉，我们需要一个通用的方法，根据包名查找并启动 Activity。

package com.example.dingsign;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;

public class Utils {
    public static void openApp(String packageName, Context context) {
        PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
        PackageInfo pi = null;
        try {
            pi = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return;
        }
        Intent resolveIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);
        resolveIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
        resolveIntent.setPackage(pi.packageName);
        java.util.List<ResolveInfo> apps = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(resolveIntent, 0);
        ResolveInfo ri = apps.iterator().next();
        if (ri != null) {
            String className = ri.activityInfo.name;
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
            ComponentName cn = new ComponentName(packageName, className);
            intent.setComponent(cn);
            context.startActivity(intent);
        }
    }
}

2. 广播接收器：监听电话触发

当检测到特定号码来电时，唤醒钉钉并开启无障碍服务。

package com.example.dingsign;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
import android.util.Log;

public class PhoneReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG = "PhoneReceiver";
    private static boolean mIncomingFlag = false;
    private static String mIncomingNumber = null;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if (Intent.ACTION_NEW_OUTGOING_CALL.equals(action)) {
            mIncomingFlag = false;
            String phoneNumber = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
            Log.i(TAG, "call OUT:" + phoneNumber);
        } else {
            TelephonyManager tManager = (TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
            switch (tManager.getCallState()) {
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
                    mIncomingNumber = intent.getStringExtra("incoming_number");
                    Log.i(TAG, "RINGING:" + mIncomingNumber);
                    // 替换为你自己的手机号进行匹配
                    if (mIncomingNumber != null && mIncomingNumber.equals("你的手机号")) {
                        Utils.openApp("com.alibaba.android.rimet", context);
                        DingService.instance.setServiceEnable();
                    }
                    break;
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
                    if (mIncomingFlag) {
                        Log.i(TAG, "incoming ACCEPT:" + mIncomingNumber);
                    }
                    break;
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
                    if (mIncomingFlag) {
                        Log.i(TAG, "incoming IDLE");
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

3. 无障碍服务：自动化点击逻辑

这是核心部分，通过遍历窗口节点找到特定文本并执行点击。

package com.example.dingsign;

import android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService;
import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent;
import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DingService extends AccessibilityService {
    private static final String TAG = "DingService";
    private boolean isFinish = false;
    public static DingService instance;
    private int index = 1; // 状态机索引

    @Override
    public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
        if (isFinish) return;

        AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = getRootInActiveWindow();
        if (nodeInfo == null) {
            Log.w(TAG, "rootWindow 为空");
            return;
        }

        switch (index) {
            case 1:
                OpenHome(event.getEventType(), nodeInfo);
                break;
            case 2:
                OpenQianDao(event.getEventType(), nodeInfo);
                break;
            case 3:
                doQianDao(event.getEventType(), nodeInfo);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    private void OpenHome(int type, AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo) {
        if (type == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED) {
            List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> homeList = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("工作");
            if (!homeList.isEmpty()) {
                click("工作");
                index = 2;
                Log.i(TAG, "点击进入主页签到");
            }
        }
    }

    private void OpenQianDao(int type, AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo) {
        if (type == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED) {
            List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> qianList = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("签到");
            if (!qianList.isEmpty()) {
                click("签到");
                index = 3;
                Log.i(TAG, "点击进入签到页面详情");
            }
        }
    }

    private void doQianDao(int type, AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo) {
        if (type == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED) {
            // 处理弹窗或引导页
            List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> case1 = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("开启我的签到之旅");
            if (!case1.isEmpty()) {
                click("开启我的签到之旅");
                Log.i(TAG, "点击签到之旅");
            }
            List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> case2 = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("我知道了");
            if (!case2.isEmpty()) {
                click("我知道了");
                Log.i(TAG, "点击我知道对话框");
            }
            // 最终签到按钮
            List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> case3 = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("签到");
            if (!case3.isEmpty()) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "发现目标啦", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                click("签到");
                isFinish = true;
            }
        }
    }

    // 通过文字查找并点击
    private boolean click(String viewText) {
        AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = getRootInActiveWindow();
        if (nodeInfo == null) {
            Log.w(TAG, "点击失败，rootWindow 为空");
            return false;
        }
        List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> list = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(viewText);
        if (list.isEmpty()) {
            Log.w(TAG, "点击失败，" + viewText + "控件列表为空");
            return false;
        } else {
            AccessibilityNodeInfo view = list.get(0);
            return onclick(view);
        }
    }

    // 递归向上查找可点击的父节点
    private boolean onclick(AccessibilityNodeInfo view) {
        if (view.isClickable()) {
            view.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
            Log.w(TAG, "点击成功");
            return true;
        } else {
            AccessibilityNodeInfo parent = view.getParent();
            if (parent == null) return false;
            return onclick(parent);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onServiceConnected() {
        super.onServiceConnected();
        Log.i(TAG, "service connected!");
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        instance = this;
    }

    public void setServiceEnable() {
        isFinish = false;
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "服务可用开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        index = 1;
    }

    @Override
    public void onInterrupt() {
    }
}

三、常见问题与调试建议

1. 权限未授予：首次安装后，需在设置中手动开启无障碍服务权限，否则 onServiceConnected 不会回调。
2. 点击无响应：部分应用会检测非自然点击行为，若脚本过快可能失效。建议在关键步骤增加延时（如 Thread.sleep(500)）。
3. 节点查找失败：UI 结构可能随版本更新变化，需定期使用 Accessibility Inspector 等工具检查目标控件的 text 属性是否变更。
4. 后台保活：为防止服务被系统杀死，建议申请前台服务通知或配合电池优化白名单。

四、安全与合规提示

使用无障碍服务进行自动化操作存在一定风险：

• 隐私安全：该服务拥有极高权限，能读取屏幕所有内容和模拟输入，请仅从可信来源安装此类应用。
• 账号风险：过度依赖自动化签到可能导致企业风控系统识别异常行为，建议谨慎使用。
• 法律合规：请勿将此类技术用于恶意攻击、数据爬取或违反平台服务条款的行为。

结语

本文介绍了基于 Android AccessibilityService 实现自动化签到的完整流程。通过合理设计状态机和节点查找逻辑，可以灵活适配多种 UI 场景。开发者在实际应用中应注重代码健壮性与安全性，确保技术使用的正当性。