集成飞书自定义机器人需配置安全设置并获取 Webhook 地址。本文展示了如何通过 Java 和 Python 实现 HTTP POST 请求发送富文本消息。Java 示例包含签名校验、时间戳计算及 JSON 对象构建逻辑；Python 示例提供带密钥和无密钥两种发送方式。代码涵盖 HmacSHA256 签名算法及标准库调用，确保消息准确送达群组。
参考链接 自定义机器人使用指南
https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/bot/v2/hook/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
请妥善保存好此 webhook 地址，不要公布在 Gitlab、博客等可公开查阅的网站上，避免地址泄露后被恶意调用发送垃圾消息。
设置自定义机器人的头像、名称与描述，并点击添加。
在群机器人界面点击添加机器人。在添加机器人对话框，找到并点击自定义机器人。
在右侧设置界面，点击群机器人。
进入目标群组，在群组右上角点击更多按钮，并点击设置。
选择签名校验后，系统已默认提供了一个秘钥。你也可以点击重置，更换秘钥。
private static String genSign(String secret, long timestamp) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException {
// 把 timestamp+"\n"+密钥当做签名字符串
String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
// 使用 HmacSHA256 算法计算签名
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(stringToSign.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "HmacSHA256"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(new byte[]{});
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData));
}
long seconds = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant().getEpochSecond();
private static JSONObject createOuterContent(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("post", createPostJsonObject(title, message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createPostJsonObject(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("zh_cn", createZhCNJsonObject(title, message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createZhCNJsonObject(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("title", title);
result.put("content", createContentList(message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONArray createContentList(String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONArray result = new JSONArray();
JSONArray item1 = new JSONArray();
item1.add(createInnerHeadContent("message"));
item1.add(createInnerTextContent(message));
result.add(item1);
JSONArray item2 = new JSONArray();
item2.add(createInnerHeadContent("detail"));
item2.add(createInnerTextContent(detail));
result.add(item2);
JSONArray item3 = new JSONArray();
item3.add(createInnerHeadContent("startTime"));
item3.add(createInnerTextContent(startTime));
result.add(item3);
JSONArray item4 = new JSONArray();
item4.add(createInnerHeadContent("endTime"));
item4.add(createInnerTextContent(endTime));
result.add(item4);
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createInnerHeadContent(String tag) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("tag", "text");
result.put("text", tag + ": ");
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createInnerTextContent(String text) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("tag", "text");
result.put("text", text);
return result;
}
public class FeishuWebhook {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FeishuWebhook.class);
public static final String DEFAULT_DATETIME_FORMATTER_STR = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
public static final DateTimeFormatter DEFAULT_DATETIME_FORMATTER = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATETIME_FORMATTER_STR);
public static void send(String url, String secret, AlertDO alertDO) {
logger.info("FeishuWebhook.send, url:{}, alertDO={}", url, alertDO);
JSONObject requestBody = createRequestBody(secret, alertDO);
logger.info("requestBody:{}", requestBody);
JSONObject result = HttpUtils.postForJsonObject(url, null, null, requestBody);
logger.info("result:{}", result);
}
private static String genSign(String secret, long timestamp) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException {
String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(stringToSign.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "HmacSHA256"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(new byte[]{});
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData));
}
private static JSONObject createRequestBody(String secret, AlertDO alertDO) {
JSONObject requestBody = new JSONObject();
long seconds = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant().getEpochSecond();
logger.info("seconds:{}", seconds);
try {
String sign = genSign(secret, seconds);
requestBody.put("timestamp", seconds);
requestBody.put("sign", sign);
requestBody.put("msg_type", "post");
String title = "通知";
String message = alertDO.getMessage();
String detail = alertDO.getDetail();
String startTime = DEFAULT_DATETIME_FORMATTER.format(LocalDateTime.ofInstant(alertDO.getStartTime().toInstant(), ZoneId.systemDefault()));
String endTime = DEFAULT_DATETIME_FORMATTER.format(LocalDateTime.ofInstant(alertDO.getEndTime().toInstant(), ZoneId.systemDefault()));
requestBody.put("content", createOuterContent(title, message, detail, startTime, endTime));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return requestBody;
}
private static JSONObject createOuterContent(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("post", createPostJsonObject(title, message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createPostJsonObject(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("zh_cn", createZhCNJsonObject(title, message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createZhCNJsonObject(String title, String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("title", title);
result.put("content", createContentList(message, detail, startTime, endTime));
return result;
}
private static JSONArray createContentList(String message, String detail, String startTime, String endTime) {
JSONArray result = new JSONArray();
JSONArray item1 = new JSONArray();
item1.add(createInnerHeadContent("message"));
item1.add(createInnerTextContent(message));
result.add(item1);
JSONArray item2 = new JSONArray();
item2.add(createInnerHeadContent("detail"));
item2.add(createInnerTextContent(detail));
result.add(item2);
JSONArray item3 = new JSONArray();
item3.add(createInnerHeadContent("startTime"));
item3.add(createInnerTextContent(startTime));
result.add(item3);
JSONArray item4 = new JSONArray();
item4.add(createInnerHeadContent("endTime"));
item4.add(createInnerTextContent(endTime));
result.add(item4);
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createInnerHeadContent(String tag) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("tag", "text");
result.put("text", tag + ": ");
return result;
}
private static JSONObject createInnerTextContent(String text) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("tag", "text");
result.put("text", text);
return result;
}
}
FeishuBotHypertextWithSecret.py
import base64
import hashlib
import hmac
from datetime import datetime
import requests
WEBHOOK_URL = "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/bot/v2/hook/xx"
WEBHOOK_SECRET = "ssssssss"
class LarkBot:
def __init__(self, secret: str) -> None:
if not secret:
raise ValueError("invalid secret key")
self.secret = secret
def gen_sign(self, timestamp: int) -> str:
string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, self.secret)
hmac_code = hmac.new(string_to_sign.encode("utf-8"), digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
sign = base64.b64encode(hmac_code).decode('utf-8')
return sign
def send(self) -> None:
timestamp = int(datetime.now().timestamp())
sign = self.gen_sign(timestamp)
params = {
"timestamp": timestamp,
"sign": sign,
"msg_type": "post",
"content": {
"post": {
"zh_cn": {
"title": "项目更新通知",
"content": [
[{"tag": "text", "text": "项目有更新: "}, {"tag": "a", "text": "请查看", "href": "http://www.example.com/"}, {"tag": "at", "user_id": "ou_18eac8********17ad4f02e8bbbb"}]
]
}
}
}
}
resp = requests.post(url=WEBHOOK_URL, json=params)
resp.raise_for_status()
result = resp.json()
if result.get("code") and result["code"] != 0:
print(result["msg"])
return
print("消息发送成功")
def main():
bot = LarkBot(secret=WEBHOOK_SECRET)
bot.send()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
LarkBotWithoutSecret.py
from datetime import datetime
import requests
WEBHOOK_URL = "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/bot/v2/hook/sss"
class LarkBot:
def send(self, content: str) -> None:
timestamp = int(datetime.now().timestamp())
params = {
"timestamp": timestamp,
"msg_type": "text",
"content": {"text": content},
}
resp = requests.post(url=WEBHOOK_URL, json=params)
resp.raise_for_status()
result = resp.json()
if result.get("code") and result["code"] != 0:
print(result["msg"])
return
print("消息发送成功")
def main():
bot = LarkBot()
bot.send(content="我是一只高级鸽子！")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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